. Cassier's magazine . lmost$1,750,000,000. Its storage facilities are so com-plete and capacious that a continualsupply can be furnished the refineriesand other plants. In the fields wherethe Standard provides the only means of marketing oil the producer de-mands that his entire production bedrawn off as fast as his well yieldsit. This is desirable from the pro-ducers standpoint, as it enables himto take out his share of the oil fromthe common reservoir from which allthe well operators are drawing. Whenthe oil flows rapidly it is necessaryto store it away in great iron tanks,from which it can
. Cassier's magazine . lmost$1,750,000,000. Its storage facilities are so com-plete and capacious that a continualsupply can be furnished the refineriesand other plants. In the fields wherethe Standard provides the only means of marketing oil the producer de-mands that his entire production bedrawn off as fast as his well yieldsit. This is desirable from the pro-ducers standpoint, as it enables himto take out his share of the oil fromthe common reservoir from which allthe well operators are drawing. Whenthe oil flows rapidly it is necessaryto store it away in great iron tanks,from which it can be withdrawn asoccasion demands. These tanks are90 to 115 feet in* diameter and 30 to40 feet high, and are assembled ingroups of 50 or 60 in tank farmsthat are frequently a mile long anda half-mile wide. Each tank holds35,000 barrels of oil, bringing the to-tal store well up into the the Kansas field alone the stockof crude oil in storage at timesamounts to more than 40,000,000 bar-rels, worth $15,000, ■Mni THE RAILWAYS OF BRAZIL By Lionel Wiener XIV.—THE RAILWAYS OF THE RIO GRANDE DO SUL THE Rio Grande do Sul railwaysystem is the only one that isdirectly influenced by that ofthe neighbouring Republics. It isalso the only one whose main lines,forming the skeleton of the futuresystem, have reached completion. Ithas, therefore, an interest peculiarlyits own. These lines have only just reachedcompletion; in fact, their last sec-tions have been opened to traffic onlysince the end of 1910. And alreadyit has been decided to complete theirnetwork, and the Government has in-vited tenders for what we mightcall the second system. All the Rio Grande lines belong tothe Union, and this has been a thornin the side of the State, notwithstand-ing the fact that such lines as theState did build or work proved anencumbrance to it, and have beenvoluntarily handed over to the Gov-ernment of the Union. The aloofness of the Rio Grandeis easy to account for, alm
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