. Practical structural design; a text and reference work for engineers, architects, builders, draftsmen and technical schools;. ed bolt area. Divid-ing this by two gives the area of one bolt, and the circumferenceis readily found when the diameter is known. Dividing the cir-cumference in inches by 50 lbs. gives the total bond resistance perlineal inch of bolt. Dividing the uplift on one bolt by thisamount, the length of bolt is obtained. The area of footing is determined by the bearing value of thesoil. The depth must be great enough to make the footing ofthe weight required and also furnish a
. Practical structural design; a text and reference work for engineers, architects, builders, draftsmen and technical schools;. ed bolt area. Divid-ing this by two gives the area of one bolt, and the circumferenceis readily found when the diameter is known. Dividing the cir-cumference in inches by 50 lbs. gives the total bond resistance perlineal inch of bolt. Dividing the uplift on one bolt by thisamount, the length of bolt is obtained. The area of footing is determined by the bearing value of thesoil. The depth must be great enough to make the footing ofthe weight required and also furnish area for embedment ofbolts. The weight of the footing is fixed by the requirement thatit be heavy enough to anchor the structure, or so much of thestructure as may be carried by the column which rests on thefooting. The horizontal force acting on the column is applied to thecolumn at the proper height. The force multiplied by the heightexerts an overturning moment. Dividing this moment by thewidth of the building the weight of the foundation is obtained. Fig. 177 Foundation Bolts for Columns 276 PRACTICAL STRUCTURAL DESIGN. Fig. 178 — Foundations under Columns This is illustrated in Fig. 178. The direct weight W is madeup of the weight carried to the foundation by the column, plusthe overturning moment exerted by the force H acting on thewindward column. The force H, acting on the leeward columnis an eccentric load on the footing, as already described. The student must rememberthat each column carriespart of the total horizontalthrust. Owing to the uncertaintyof just where the force willact because the attachmentof the columns to the basemay not be rigid, there issome uncertainty as to theexact amount of force ex-erted on footings. If the columns are fixed (hinged) in such away that they bend at the top of the footing, the only forceexerted by wind on a footing will be that transmitted by thewindward column as a direct vertical load. If the column isrigidly attached then the l
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