Pyelography (pyelo-ureterography) a study of the normal and pathologic anatomy of the renal pelvis and ureter . may be regarded as the medianborder, and the opposite side as its lateral border. Themajor calyces are commonly three in number—the upper,the middle, and the lower. The direction of the uppercalyx is perpendicular and slightly lateral; that of themiddle calyx, horizontal; while that of the lower calyx isdownward and lateral. The major calyces are usuallyconnected by a comparatively narrow isthmus where theyleave the true pelvis. They then become broader andfinally subdivide into a va
Pyelography (pyelo-ureterography) a study of the normal and pathologic anatomy of the renal pelvis and ureter . may be regarded as the medianborder, and the opposite side as its lateral border. Themajor calyces are commonly three in number—the upper,the middle, and the lower. The direction of the uppercalyx is perpendicular and slightly lateral; that of themiddle calyx, horizontal; while that of the lower calyx isdownward and lateral. The major calyces are usuallyconnected by a comparatively narrow isthmus where theyleave the true pelvis. They then become broader andfinally subdivide into a variable number of minor minor calyces are seen as irregular, finger-like pro-jections extending a short distance beyond the ends of themajor calyces. They may be called the terminal irregu-larities of the pelvic outline. A typical normal pelvis isexemplified in Fig. 1, in which the arrangement of the truepelvis and the major and minor calyces are clearly illus-trated. However, the variation in the normal pelvicoutline is so great that such a pelvis would constitute but 44 THE NORMAL PELVIS 45. Fig. 1.—Normal
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectkidneys, bookyear1915
