. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. 1897. THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 275 cut his notches much deeper than I, and thereby lost the lateral movement. B'rames contracted as above can be put in and taken out as easily as those hung on A. I. Root's old tin corners and tin rabbets, and at the same time have all the advantages of the self-spacing frames without their incon- veniences. Hoffman frames, and even all-wood frames, are a nui- sance. Where the apiarist is a queen-breeder, or for some reason or other handles his frames frequently, the propolis never accumulates enough to interfere; but
. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. 1897. THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 275 cut his notches much deeper than I, and thereby lost the lateral movement. B'rames contracted as above can be put in and taken out as easily as those hung on A. I. Root's old tin corners and tin rabbets, and at the same time have all the advantages of the self-spacing frames without their incon- veniences. Hoffman frames, and even all-wood frames, are a nui- sance. Where the apiarist is a queen-breeder, or for some reason or other handles his frames frequently, the propolis never accumulates enough to interfere; but when the frames are moved but once or perhaps twice a year, at swarming time, or even not at all, the wooden ends of the tops or the sides of the Hoffman get " fist" and fastened, sure enough. The depth of frame adopted by the Dadants is, I think, near the best, as far as my experience goes. The frames do not always hang vertically in the hive. Even those as shallow as the Langstroth frame need some kind of spacing arrangement at the bottom. The best is a strip of tin with teeth cut in and turned up so that the frames come in between, thus : What little propolis is aflixt there does not interfere with the taking out of the frames. With loose bottoms, I had good results with nails driven at the back wall of the hive, about lJ-2 inches above the bottom, and letting the ends of the frames drop between them, thus : ^v^^^,^^,^/. <;yx^^ THE 8UPEBS. Much has been said and written upon the importance of protecting the brood against the variations of temperature during the early spring, but very little about the necessity of protecting the supers given in the early part of the season. In my locality the second consideration is fully as important as the first. Owing to the altitude of the country (that means the height above the sea-level), the nights are cool during most of the honey season, and this condition exists also in some of the extreme Western States. Most of the
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectbees, bookyear1861
