. Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute . diameter. Conspicuous when in stout, with withered leaf-bases. 168 Transactions. Leaves dull green, fleshy, with fleshy petioles ; leaf 1-2 in. long, includingthe petioles, which are longer than the blade ; |-T% in. broad ; petiolessheathing at the base, and hairy ; leaves broadly ovate, margins crenate ;large veins prominent on under-surface. Fruit conspicuous. Peduncles elongated, often 3 in. long or more, pro-jecting above the foliage, with raceme of fleshy orange-coloured drupes,pendulous, J-J in. long. (c.) Anatom
. Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute . diameter. Conspicuous when in stout, with withered leaf-bases. 168 Transactions. Leaves dull green, fleshy, with fleshy petioles ; leaf 1-2 in. long, includingthe petioles, which are longer than the blade ; |-T% in. broad ; petiolessheathing at the base, and hairy ; leaves broadly ovate, margins crenate ;large veins prominent on under-surface. Fruit conspicuous. Peduncles elongated, often 3 in. long or more, pro-jecting above the foliage, with raceme of fleshy orange-coloured drupes,pendulous, J-J in. long. (c.) Anatomy. Fig. 4. Epidermis : On both surfaces cells large, walls thin, outline wavy insurface view, no cuticle ; stomata frequent, prominent, wide open, guard-cells containing numerous chloroplasts. Chlorenchyma differentiated : on upper side two layers of palisadecells, the rest of the chlorenchyma consisting of large rounded cells ; air-spaces beneath stomata. Embedded in the chlorenchyma were seen largeround cells containing sphaerocrystals. xy iph^ /oner air pal .sphaero rrysfa/ Fig. 4.—Ghinnera armaria : Part of of leaf. Fibro-vascidar bundles : Small patch of phloem towards underside,beneath a patch of xylem ; bundle surrounded by sheath of large roundcolourless cells. When the stem is cut through, two or three blackish specks on the cutends can be seen by the naked eye. On microscopical examination theseare seen to be caused by the presence in the outer cortex of colonies ofNostoc. (d.) Conclusion. The habit and the fleshy reduced stem of Gunnera arenaria are xero-phytic ; but the leaf, with its prominent wide-open stomata on bothsurfaces, large rounded chlorenchyma cells, large chloroplasts, and well-marked sponge parenchyma, is strongly mesophytic, in accordance with themoist habitat. This plant, pot-grown in the greenhouse, throve both when wateredregularly and when kept dry. Pegg.—Ecological Study of New Zealand Sand-dune Plants. 169 14. Crantzia lineata. . T
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectscience, bookyear1913
