Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . China, resembles tamarind. Physostigma.—Calabar Bean.—The ripe seeds of Physostigmavenenosum (Fam. Leguminosse, sub-fam. Papilionaceae), a woodyclimber growing in the region of the Gulf of Guinea on the westerncoast of Africa (Fig. 146). The seeds are also known as the ordealbean of Calabar. Description.—Anatropous, somewhat reniform or irregularlyoblong or ellipsoidal; 25 to 30 mm. in length, 15 to 18 mm. in
Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . China, resembles tamarind. Physostigma.—Calabar Bean.—The ripe seeds of Physostigmavenenosum (Fam. Leguminosse, sub-fam. Papilionaceae), a woodyclimber growing in the region of the Gulf of Guinea on the westerncoast of Africa (Fig. 146). The seeds are also known as the ordealbean of Calabar. Description.—Anatropous, somewhat reniform or irregularlyoblong or ellipsoidal; 25 to 30 mm. in length, 15 to 18 mm. in diam- 324 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY cter, 10 to 15 mm. in thickness; with a brownish-black groovefrom 1 to 2 mm. in diameter extending about half way around theedge, containing the raphe as a narrow line, and in which is frequentlyfound the remains of the white membranaceous funiculus, the micro-pyle occuring near one end of the groove as a slight depression; seed-coat brownish-red, hard, thick, smooth, but somewhat rough nearthe groove; reserve layers wanting; embryo large, white, with ashort hypocotyl and two concavo-convex cotyledons; inodorous;taste Fig. 146.—Physostigma venenosum: A, flowering branch. B, a single , flower showing ovary and part of the calyx. D, enlarged view of styleand stigma. E, legume. F, seed.—After Bentley and Trimen. Powder.—Grayish-white; starch grains numerous, from to0150 mm. in diameter, ellipsoidal or somewhat reniform, and usuallywith a distinct cleft and frequently with radiating or irregular fis-sures; fragments of seed-coat with very thick, reddish-brown cells,being either palisade-like in shape, or very irregular and resemblingstone cells, but the walls are not lignified; an occasional fragmentwith tracheae showing reticulate thickenings. Constituents.—Starch about 45 per cent; proteins about 20 percent; fixed oil about 2 per cent; ash about 3 per cent. Severalalkaloids have been isolated, t
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1920
