. Animal communities in temperate America : as illustrated in the Chicago region; a study in animal ecology. Animal ecology; Zoology -- Illinois Chicago. PINE ASSOCIATION 227 occasional M. angustipennis are added (40). The burrowing spider (Geolycosa pikei) (Fig. 200, p. 230) continues in the open places. 5. THE CICINDELA LECONTEI OR PINE ASSOCIATION (Stations 57, 58, 59; Tables L, LI, LVI, LVIII) (Figs. 201) (115, 170) a) Subterranean-ground stratum.—Here we find the larva of the bronze tiger-beetle (Cicindela scuiellaris lecontei) (170), with its straight, cylindrical burrow. Several digger-
. Animal communities in temperate America : as illustrated in the Chicago region; a study in animal ecology. Animal ecology; Zoology -- Illinois Chicago. PINE ASSOCIATION 227 occasional M. angustipennis are added (40). The burrowing spider (Geolycosa pikei) (Fig. 200, p. 230) continues in the open places. 5. THE CICINDELA LECONTEI OR PINE ASSOCIATION (Stations 57, 58, 59; Tables L, LI, LVI, LVIII) (Figs. 201) (115, 170) a) Subterranean-ground stratum.—Here we find the larva of the bronze tiger-beetle (Cicindela scuiellaris lecontei) (170), with its straight, cylindrical burrow. Several digger-wasps of the earlier stage are recorded as continuing. The ant (Lasius niger americanus) nests beneath the sand and was seen swarming in early September. The burrowing spider continues and an occasional cicada lives deep beneath the sand. The six-lined lizard (Cnemidophorus 6-lineatus), the blue racer, and the pond turtle (Chrysemys marginatd) all bury their eggs beneath the sand. There is an occasional thirteen-lined ground squirrel. 1 1 Fig. 194.—The lesser migratory locust (Melanoplus atlanis) (after Lugger). [Citellus ij-lineatus) (162), though it is never common. The surface of the ground is frequented by the adults of the tiger-beetles, digger- wasps, the six-lined lizard, and the blue racer (157). The grasshopper of the transition belt continues and two others are added, so that we have the long-horned locust, the narrow-winged locust, the lesser locust, the mottled sand-locust (Sparagemon wyomingianum Thorn.), and sand- locust [Ageneotettix arenosus) (40). The ruffed grouse nests here occa- sionally. b) Field stratum.—Arabis lyrata is a common herb. Shull (175) found that the larva of a cabbage butterfly feeds upon this. He watched a larva crawl on one of the bunches of bunch-grass for six hours before it began to spin the bed of silk preparatory to pupating. This was about 2 in. above the ground. Midges and mosquitoes are common and dragon- and damsel-flies are n
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