. The book of photography; practical, theoretical and applied. ocus by simply pressing an outside but-ton. The Busch Freewheel cameras,primarily intended for use wuth roll films,allow the insertion of glass plates inholders in front of the film without thenecessity of moving the latter. In addi-tion, there is a winding-back arrangementfor the film, so that focussing may bedone, if desired, for each exposure, oneither plates or films, without disturbingthe camera. With the Miral Reflex(Talbot and Earner); the Underwood 510 THE BOOK OF PHOTOGRAPHY. Foldette; the Primus, Carbine,and Cameo ; the T
. The book of photography; practical, theoretical and applied. ocus by simply pressing an outside but-ton. The Busch Freewheel cameras,primarily intended for use wuth roll films,allow the insertion of glass plates inholders in front of the film without thenecessity of moving the latter. In addi-tion, there is a winding-back arrangementfor the film, so that focussing may bedone, if desired, for each exposure, oneither plates or films, without disturbingthe camera. With the Miral Reflex(Talbot and Earner); the Underwood 510 THE BOOK OF PHOTOGRAPHY. Foldette; the Primus, Carbine,and Cameo ; the Teb ; the Lancas-ter Fihiiograph, Focoplane, Invin-cible, and Planoreflex ; the Cen-tury; the Sickle; and the Dall-meyer, this notice of the principal makesand descriptions of hand cameras atpresent obtainable must perforce beclosed. An endeavour has been made tomake it thoroughly comprehensive, whileexcluding the cheaper patterns and thosewhich are simply copies of standard de-signs, possessing no distinctive feature ofinterest. Those cameras, also, intended. Fig. 672.—Long Focus Wizard. for special work have been omitted, asrefei-ence will be made to them elsewhere. Winter Hand Camera Work. Many beautiful subjects are to be securedin the winter—rain and mist effects, hoarfrost and snow scenes, all making ad-mirable pictures. A very rapid plate, alens of large aperture, say flQ, and afocal plane shutter are advised, althoughmuch good work has been done with anordinary lens and outside a reflex or twin-lens camera, wherethe image can be examined for sharp-ness, an even larger aperture may be ad-vantageously employed. For snow scenesan isochromatic plate and pale yellowscreen are recommended, and backedplates should always be used. Needlessto say, the snow reflects so much light thatthe exposure is considerably less thanwould be required if the former wereabsent. In order, however, to prevent a hard effect, for this class of subject presents strong contrasts
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