. Commentaries on the surgery of the war in Portugal, Spain, France, and the Netherlands, from the battle of Roliça, in 1808, to that of Waterloo, in 1815; with additions relating to those in the Crimea in 1854-55, showing the improvements made during and since that period in the great art and science of surgery on all the subjects to which they relate. Revised to October, 1855. 182 STRUCTURE OP ARTERIES. markings, unlike the flattened fibers of less size of the in-voluntary rouscles, which have also a faintly granular ap-pear ance, instead of the more determined transverse andlongitudinal lin
. Commentaries on the surgery of the war in Portugal, Spain, France, and the Netherlands, from the battle of Roliça, in 1808, to that of Waterloo, in 1815; with additions relating to those in the Crimea in 1854-55, showing the improvements made during and since that period in the great art and science of surgery on all the subjects to which they relate. Revised to October, 1855. 182 STRUCTURE OP ARTERIES. markings, unlike the flattened fibers of less size of the in-voluntary rouscles, which have also a faintly granular ap-pear ance, instead of the more determined transverse andlongitudinal lines of the voluntary muscles. The Older or elastic layer of the ancient middle coat,represented by line 4 in the circular diagram, contains mus-cular fibers, but it is formed principally of strong, elasticfibers difficult of separation, and, when torn across, havecurled extremities, as shown in the diagram marked 4, dif-fering only in size from those found in the ligaments of thespine, and in the ligaraentum nuchas of quadrupeds, as shownin the separate diagram marked 4. The external coat of an artery, divided also into twolayers, is shown on the circular diagram by lines 5 and two layers are composed of the yellow elastic fiberslast noticed, and another set of fibers, white in color and in- No. a. Yellow elastic Nuclei. 6. White inelastic Fiber, with nucleus. elastic in structure, arranged in various directions; the innerlayer predominating in yellow elastic, the outer layer inwhite inelastic fibers, constituting a firm investment to allthe other layers of which the artery is composed. The white STRUCTURE OF ARTERIES. 183 inelastic fibers are shown in diagram I^o. 3, fig. 5, with ayellow elastic fiber curling round them. The constant cross-ing and recrossing of these two sets of fibers form certainspaces, which, when not in a compact form, become realspaces, meshes, or areola, constituting what is now calledareolar tissue, rather than the cellul
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, bookpublishe, booksubjectsurgery
