. The railroad and engineering journal . e smaller dams, owing to the want of stone, wood inthe form of ivattle fences and fascines is employed. Accordingto one mode of construction two rows of stakes, in larch andwillow, are planted across the bed of the torrent, with willowbranches interlaced, forming the body of the structure. Thestakes are bound together by a longitudinal timber laid horizon-tally a little below the level of the crown. Behind the dam,for its protection, a body of earth and small stones is placed. 48 THE RAILROAD AND^ [January, 1891. It is planted with slips of trees, by th
. The railroad and engineering journal . e smaller dams, owing to the want of stone, wood inthe form of ivattle fences and fascines is employed. Accordingto one mode of construction two rows of stakes, in larch andwillow, are planted across the bed of the torrent, with willowbranches interlaced, forming the body of the structure. Thestakes are bound together by a longitudinal timber laid horizon-tally a little below the level of the crown. Behind the dam,for its protection, a body of earth and small stones is placed. 48 THE RAILROAD AND^ [January, 1891. It is planted with slips of trees, by the growth of which theconsolidation of the work is promoted. In the valley of the Barcelonnette there are nearly 3,000dams, 71 being large structures and 2,gi6 small ones of total expenditure in this valley has been about $553,000,including general charges. A Clock Dial for 24Hour Time.—The accompanying en-graving, from Indian Engineering, shows the standard dial for24-hour clocks adopted by the Indian State Railroads. It will. be seen that only a minute hand is used on the face, the hourdial revolving inside, instead of being marked on the dial, sothat the hour appears through the slot in the face. Thus thetime indicated in the engraving is 23:24—that is, 11:24 inthe ordinary notation. Clocks of the pattern shown are to be supplied to all the Ind-ian State Railroad offices, as fast as new time-pieces are re-quired. Relative Corrosion of Iron and Steel in Salt Water.—Ata recent meeting of the British Institute of Marine Engineers,Mr. David Phillips stated that he had made experiments ex-tending over seven years—from 1881 to 1888—with two piecesof Bessemer steel boiler plate, two of Yorkshire iron, and twoof B. B. Staffordshire iron. All the plates were the same size,6 in. X 6 in. and j in. thick, and all were kept immersed insalt water. The results showed a considerable difference in theloss by corrosion. During the first three years the plates were incon
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectrailroa, bookyear1887
