The kingdom of . Annals of theNorth). The facts related therein are to a greatextent correct, but as these annals have been com-piled from various fragments without much dis-crimination, and as, moreover, the data given in theseannals cannot be reconciled, they can only be usedas throwing a general light on the history of Siam. Besides these Annals of the North, there are localannals, some written in Pali, some in Siamese orLaosian, which also throw a certain light on pre-Buddhistic times. None of these chronicles, with the exception ofthe Annals of tJie North, have as yet been printed.
The kingdom of . Annals of theNorth). The facts related therein are to a greatextent correct, but as these annals have been com-piled from various fragments without much dis-crimination, and as, moreover, the data given in theseannals cannot be reconciled, they can only be usedas throwing a general light on the history of Siam. Besides these Annals of the North, there are localannals, some written in Pali, some in Siamese orLaosian, which also throw a certain light on pre-Buddhistic times. None of these chronicles, with the exception ofthe Annals of tJie North, have as yet been great difficulty met with is the use of the is well known, there were three eras in commonuse—the Buddhist era dating from 543 , theMaha Sakarat era dating from 78 , and theChula Sakarat dating from 638 , while atthe present time the Gregorian Calendar has beenadopted, the era in use dating from the foundationof the present capital in 1781. In these old chronicles the eras were frequently. The Menam River From an Historical Standpoint 8i changed for what may be called local eras, and un-fortunately the Buddhist era, the only real fixedone, has never been adopted throughout in any ofthe countries. In the earliest times, before the capital was estab-lished at Ayuthia in 1350, there extended throughoutthe country a number of small principalities. Theseextended over what is now called Siam, from theborders of China east and west through the valleysof the Menam Chow Phya and the Menamkong anddown the Malay Peninsula, with Ligor as capital, asfar south as Malacca. These principalities were bound together by race,language, religion, and customs, but did not form apolitical entity or state, though standing in com-mercial relations with one another. Frequently thedominions of a prince were extended by marriageand frequently they were subdivided by the lawsgoverning succession. The early history of the race shows a continualmigration from the north to the s
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookidkingdomofsia, bookyear1904
