The fleet of Hernan Cortes, bound for Mexico, sailing out of the harbour of Santiago de Cuba. After an illustration from Historia general de las Indias by Francisco López de Gómara, 1552. Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca, was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century.

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