. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. WATEE SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOE COUNTEY HOMES. 41 A better method of disposal is by subsurface distribution. In this method the tile are placed in the ground in herringbone or gridiron fashion, not deeper than 14 or 16 inches from the surface of the soil to the top of the tile. Figure 32 shows ground plans of such systems. In very porous or sandy soils 1 foot of 4-inch tile per gallon of discharge per day is sufficient. In the heavier loam soils 2 feet of 4-inch tile are necessary and sometimes more for every gallon.
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. WATEE SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOE COUNTEY HOMES. 41 A better method of disposal is by subsurface distribution. In this method the tile are placed in the ground in herringbone or gridiron fashion, not deeper than 14 or 16 inches from the surface of the soil to the top of the tile. Figure 32 shows ground plans of such systems. In very porous or sandy soils 1 foot of 4-inch tile per gallon of discharge per day is sufficient. In the heavier loam soils 2 feet of 4-inch tile are necessary and sometimes more for every gallon. A rough estimate should be made of the number of gallons of sewage in each discharge from the tank and the number of dis- charges per day. Not less than 35 feet of 4-inch tile per person should be used in sandy or porous soil and not less than 60 feet per person in very heavy loams. In average loams 300 to 400 |< /-^- feet of tile are sufficient for a family of six or eight. Aeration of heavy soils can be brought about by the use of coarse cinders or gravel laid in 12-inch to 16-inch layers in the bottom of the tile ditch with the top about 12 inches below the surface. The tile are laid in these at the usual depth. Figure 33 shows such an arrangement. The disposal tile should have a fall not to exceed 1 inch in 50 feet, else the water will rush to the lower end and water-log the soil there. The tile are usually laid about J inch apart and in rows about 15 feet apart. The latter dis- tance, however, will vary with the porosity of the soil. Where there is no subsurface drainage, artifi- cial drainage should be provided by means of tile drains laid below the sewage tile as shown in figure 34. In some cases an impervious stratum underlying the filter earth is underlain by a stratum of sand. Cases have been noted in which this impervious stratum has been broken by dynamite at 15-foot to 20-foot intervals along the tile line, thus providing natural drainage. DISPOSAL BY INTERMITT
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