The story of the middle ages; an elementary history for sixth and seventh grades . our houses today than like the Greek and Roman ones;for they have no courtyard in the interior and are sev-eral stories high. The roadways are oftenunjiaved, and full of nuul; and there are no streets and T f> 111 f houses. sewers. li you walk tlie streets afternightfall, you must carry a torch to light your foot-steps, for there are no street-lamps. There are nopolicemen; but ifyou are out afterdark, you must be-ware of the citywatch. who taketurns in guardingthe city, for theywill make you givea strict acco


The story of the middle ages; an elementary history for sixth and seventh grades . our houses today than like the Greek and Roman ones;for they have no courtyard in the interior and are sev-eral stories high. The roadways are oftenunjiaved, and full of nuul; and there are no streets and T f> 111 f houses. sewers. li you walk tlie streets afternightfall, you must carry a torch to light your foot-steps, for there are no street-lamps. There are nopolicemen; but ifyou are out afterdark, you must be-ware of the citywatch. who taketurns in guardingthe city, for theywill make you givea strict account ofyourself. Now, liowever, itis day. and we needhave no fear. Pres-ently we come intotlie business partsof the city, andthere we find thedifferent tradesgrouped together indifferent are the gold-smiths, and there are the tanners; here the cloth mer-chants, and there th(> butchers; here the ,, Shops and armor-smiths, and there the money-chang- workmen,ers. The shops are all small and on the ground floor,with their M^ares i^xposed for sale in the open /» ^1 A smip IN THE ^iiudlk .\(; 190 TEE STOEY OF THE MIDDLE AGES Ijot US look in at one of the goldsmiths shops, Theshop-keeper and his wife are busily engaged, waitingon customers and inviting passers-by to stop andexamine their goods. Within we sec several men andboys at work, making the goods which their mastersells. There the gold is melted and refined; the rightamount of alloy is mixed with it; then it is cast,beaten, and filed into the proper shape. Then, perhaps,the article is enameled, and jewels are set in it. All of these things are done in this one little shop;and so it is for each trade. The workmen must allbegin at the beginning, and start with the roughmaterial; and the .apprentices, as the boys arecalled, must learn each of the processes by which theraw material is turned into the finished article. Thus, a long term of apprenticeship is necessary foreach trade; lasting sometimes for


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1, booksubjectmiddleages, bookyear1912