. Elements of Philippine agriculture. Agriculture. PLANTS AND WATER 37 from the stem. The stem gets it from tlie big roots and these from their branch roots, and these finally from the young, newly grown parts of the finest roots. In the roots, stems, branches, petioles, and veins the water is always moving upward in the wood. This current of water is called the transpiration stream. The wood is a strand in the axis of each root. The water reaches the wood through the fleshy part of the root, from the epider- mis, or surface layer. Cut off a leafy branch or stem and put it in red ink. In what
. Elements of Philippine agriculture. Agriculture. PLANTS AND WATER 37 from the stem. The stem gets it from tlie big roots and these from their branch roots, and these finally from the young, newly grown parts of the finest roots. In the roots, stems, branches, petioles, and veins the water is always moving upward in the wood. This current of water is called the transpiration stream. The wood is a strand in the axis of each root. The water reaches the wood through the fleshy part of the root, from the epider- mis, or surface layer. Cut off a leafy branch or stem and put it in red ink. In what part (bark, wood, or pith) of the stem does the ink rise? Can you prove by this experiment that water moves through tlie veins of the leaves? How rapidly does water rise in the stem? This experiment will succeed best if the stem is cut under water, and put into the ink without letting it get at all dry. Find the woody strand, and the soft part around it, in a coconut root. Old roots of coco- nut have alio a hard shell, tlie hypodermis, which forms just inside the very thin epidermis, and kills the latter. Where there is a hard hypodermis, water cannot be ab- sorbed ; there is no hypodermis near the tip of the root. If coconut roots are not available, use betelnut. WATER IN THE SOIL Plants sometimes have so much water that it injures them, and sometin^ies they suffer because they cannot get enough. It is generally possible for us to remove some water if there is too much in the soil, and to fur-. FlG. 28. Stem placed in red ink. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Copeland, Edwin Bingham, 1873- [from old catalog]. Yonkers-on-Hudson, N. Y. , and Manila, World book company
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectagriculture, bookyear
