Waves of sand and snow and the eddies which make them . Hence the effect of slow,heavy wheeled traffic and of light, rapid traffic willbe different in respect to the production of rutsand of transverse inequalities respectively, the latterbeing produced chiefly by rapid driving. Thedifference would be more noticeable but for thefact that vehicles used for rapid driving are gener-ally provided with better springs than the heavywagons which go mostly at a foots-pace. While these matters deserve attention, it mustbe well understood that wheeled traffic does notproduce large and regular undulation
Waves of sand and snow and the eddies which make them . Hence the effect of slow,heavy wheeled traffic and of light, rapid traffic willbe different in respect to the production of rutsand of transverse inequalities respectively, the latterbeing produced chiefly by rapid driving. Thedifference would be more noticeable but for thefact that vehicles used for rapid driving are gener-ally provided with better springs than the heavywagons which go mostly at a foots-pace. While these matters deserve attention, it mustbe well understood that wheeled traffic does notproduce large and regular undulations like thoseformed by sledges. A slight transverse ufidulation in footpaths,such as the Broad Walk in Kensington Gardens,has not necessarily any connection, except that ofform, with waves. This path is highest in thecentre, so that rain runs off transversely to itslength, making transverse grooves. The placesfirst lowered are thus kept damper, and thereforesofter, than the intervening spaces, so that thehollows wear away more readily than the convexi-. 251 SNOW-MUSHROOMS AND CAHOTS 253 ties, and the tendency is for the path to acquirea sHghtly undulating surface. Muddy lanes are sometimes trodden into trans-verse furrows by cattle, the intervening ridges beingseparated by a uniform distance, which is equal tothe length of stride of the beasts. I have comeacross several examples, the best of which was onthe track to a pond where the cattle drank, but Ihave not watched the process of treading. I pre-sume, however, that the cattle, seeking the firmerground, tread where their predecessors trod, thusdeepening and regularizing the troughs and leavingthe weaker ridges untrodden. PART III SUB-AQUEOUS SAND-WAVES CHAPTER V ; RIPPLE-MARK AND CURRENT-MARK Ripple-mark. Sir G. H. Darwins experimental reproduction of ripple-marks—My measurements of natural ripple-mark—OsborneReynolds experiments. Current-mark. In very slow streams with a smooth surface—Effect ofmaking the course of the
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