Horse-shoes and horse-shoeing : their origin, history, uses, and abuses . The shank is almost square like a carpenters nail,and fills the hole ; and at a distance of only J inch from thefoot surface of the shoe it bends suddenly forward as ifto form a clench on the outside of the hoof. The excess-ive thickness of the nail, and the very short hold it hadof the hoof, are easily accounted for. The shoe has evi-dently been for the near (left) fore foot, and the innerbranch towards the heel is narrower than the outer one; itshows faint traces of a calkin, but the outer heel has a well-defined calki


Horse-shoes and horse-shoeing : their origin, history, uses, and abuses . The shank is almost square like a carpenters nail,and fills the hole ; and at a distance of only J inch from thefoot surface of the shoe it bends suddenly forward as ifto form a clench on the outside of the hoof. The excess-ive thickness of the nail, and the very short hold it hadof the hoof, are easily accounted for. The shoe has evi-dently been for the near (left) fore foot, and the innerbranch towards the heel is narrower than the outer one; itshows faint traces of a calkin, but the outer heel has a well-defined calkin formed by doubling over the extremity,as in the other specimens of this period, though this hasbeen more clumsily done than in some of those we havenoticed. The foot-surface is slightly concave from theouter to the inner rim. In the large collection of undoubted Roman remainsbrought to light in this castra, are three spurs of antique SPURS AND HOOF-PICK. 263 shape, two of iron (iigs. 99, 100), and one of bronze (). Had they been found unaccompanied by objects. so exclusively Roman, remarks Mr Roach Smith, theywould, and with reason, have been called Norman or lateSaxon. These spurs are remarkable for their short neckor prick, which is even less than the Anglo-Saxonspecimens, and much more so than those of a laterdate. C. Caylus figures an ancient bronze spur withapertures at the ends of the branches to fasten it on, likethose represented in this bronze relic from Hod Hill. At ShefFord, in Bedfordshire, what was called a hoof-pick was encountered with Roman relics: Of Romanrelics no place in Bedfordshire has furnished the quantityor quality equal to Shefford. About four dozen Samiancups, dishes, and paterce of various shapes and patternshave been there discovered, and at Stanford Bury, in its im-mediate vicinity. Avast variety of other reliquiae were foundwith these ; some splendid articles in glass, a beautiful radi-ated amber-coloured vase, quite perfect; a splendid b


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookde, booksubjecthorses, booksubjecthorseshoes