. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoology, Vol. 152, No. 6. Plate 1. Web of Wagneriana undecimtuberculata, horizontal diameter of orb 26 cm (photo W. Eberhard). drawn out: W. grandicornis (Figs. 65, 66) and W. heteracantha (Fig. 108). Only one species, W. neglecta, consistently has a long tail (Figs. 119, 122). Most species are sur- prisingly similar in appearance and can not be separated by color pattern or body shape; they have to be separated by the genitalia. Natural History. All species make a complete orb web and h
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoology, Vol. 152, No. 6. Plate 1. Web of Wagneriana undecimtuberculata, horizontal diameter of orb 26 cm (photo W. Eberhard). drawn out: W. grandicornis (Figs. 65, 66) and W. heteracantha (Fig. 108). Only one species, W. neglecta, consistently has a long tail (Figs. 119, 122). Most species are sur- prisingly similar in appearance and can not be separated by color pattern or body shape; they have to be separated by the genitalia. Natural History. All species make a complete orb web and hang cephalic re- gion down in the middle. There is no re- treat (Plate 1). W. Fberhard (personal communication) found that W. tauricornis and W. unde- cimtuberculata take their web down when not in use (usually but not always in the daytime) and then sit at exposed sites like the tips of thin branches with their legs pressed to their bodies. Their irregular out- lines make them hard to recognize as a spider. When they have an orb they gen- erally hang in the hub or sit on one of the frame or anchor lines facing away with a line to the hub held by leg IV. Distribution. All species are Neotropi- cal. Only W. tauricornis extends its range into more temperate North America, and W. spicata is found in Mexico. Most spe- cies are found in the Amazon drainage and southeastern South America (Maps 2-4). Doubtful placement One species, W. turrigera, has been placed in Wag- neriana for convenience; it may have to be placed. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Mass. : The Museum
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