Operative surgery . ken place prior tooperative interference. If inflammation of the bone and contiguous tis-sues have occurred, good drainage should be established, and the opera-tion deferred until the acute symptoms subside. If the operation befor necrosis, the diseased bone should have separated before the attemptis made. The instruments employed in excision are varied in number and shape,and must be selected according to the peculiarities of the case (Fig. 375).The scalpels should be broad and strong. The retractors must likewise bestrong, and possess a hooklike curve, otherwise they will
Operative surgery . ken place prior tooperative interference. If inflammation of the bone and contiguous tis-sues have occurred, good drainage should be established, and the opera-tion deferred until the acute symptoms subside. If the operation befor necrosis, the diseased bone should have separated before the attemptis made. The instruments employed in excision are varied in number and shape,and must be selected according to the peculiarities of the case (Fig. 375).The scalpels should be broad and strong. The retractors must likewise bestrong, and possess a hooklike curve, otherwise they will slip from thewound. The periosteotomes, elevators, and rugines vary in shape, but shouldpossess a blunt, non-cutting edge. These instruments must be used withcare, otherwise the function of the periosteum will be destroyed, and mayeven be followed by sloughing. The bone-cutting instruments are bone-cutting forceps and saws of various sizes and shapes. The straight bone OPERATIONS ON BONES. 363 •TiiTnnr rrrinnvwpr. Fig. —Instruments employed in excisions of the Scalpels, b. Thumb forceps, c. e. Straight and curved bone-cuttin- forceps, d. Ron-Tem f. Snoncje holder, g. Periosteotome. h. Farabceufs bone-holding k Sti-ono- straight and curved scissors. I, m. Engines. /(Strong Spatula, q. Lifting back, keyhole, and Gigli-Haertel saws. Forcipressure, liga-tures, etc., are required. 364 OPERATIVE SURGERY. forceps is the most available for general purposes. The gnawing forceps orrongeur is of inestimable value in removing bony projections. The Bone-holding Forceps.—The bone-holding forceps vary somewhatin their grasping and holding powers, consequently the surgeon is governed
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