Archive image from page 207 of Discovery reports (1933) Discovery reports discoveryreports07inst Year: 1933 z66 DISCOVERY REPORTS of deep water. One part of this deep water comes from more northerly latitudes, while another part belongs to the lower vertical circulation of the Antarctic. The north-south and vertical components of this complicated circulation are shown schematically in Fig. 23. When studying this figure it must be remembered that the components of the currents at right angles to the paper (away from the reader) are much greater than any of the north-south or vertical componen
Archive image from page 207 of Discovery reports (1933) Discovery reports discoveryreports07inst Year: 1933 z66 DISCOVERY REPORTS of deep water. One part of this deep water comes from more northerly latitudes, while another part belongs to the lower vertical circulation of the Antarctic. The north-south and vertical components of this complicated circulation are shown schematically in Fig. 23. When studying this figure it must be remembered that the components of the currents at right angles to the paper (away from the reader) are much greater than any of the north-south or vertical components. Our conception of the character of the circulation deviates considerably from that commonly accepted. Merz and Wiist (1928) consider the relatively warm and saline water at intermediate depth in high latitudes in the South Atlantic as the last traces of Atlantic deep water, which in these regions approaches the surface. Clowes (1933) has, Sub antarcTic water,' ) Antarctic water Fig. 23. Schematic representation of the north-south circulations within the Antarctic circumpolar current. however, shown that this water is of Pacific origin, and according to our view it belongs to the transversal circulation within the Antarctic Zone. It is true that the deep water also moves south and ascends in high southerly latitudes, but traces of the Atlantic deep water are not found in the South Georgia region but much farther to the east, since the easterly flow of the water is considerable. In the Bouvet region the admixture of water from lower latitudes leads to an increase of the sahnity within the intermediate return current. The conceptions of Merz and Wiist have been accepted by biologists who have studied the conditions in Antarctic waters. Ruud (1932), for instance, states that the oxygen of the relatively warm and saline layer is low, and says that ' these water masses were last in contact with the atmosphere somewhere north of the Sargasso Sea, so a very long time has el
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