The physical geography of New York state . ng of the land by ocean waves isbelieved by many to have produced grand results in thepast, and this has been especially urged by the Britishgeologists. Standing upon the tops of the hills in theHighlands of Scotland and England, it is found that theyrise to nearly the same level, and it has been suggestedthat these hilltops are remnants of an ancient plain ofmarine denudation, formed at a time when the BritishIsles were at a lower level, during which the waves beatagainst them for such a long time that the lands were 1 Gilbert Monog., U. S. Geol. Sur
The physical geography of New York state . ng of the land by ocean waves isbelieved by many to have produced grand results in thepast, and this has been especially urged by the Britishgeologists. Standing upon the tops of the hills in theHighlands of Scotland and England, it is found that theyrise to nearly the same level, and it has been suggestedthat these hilltops are remnants of an ancient plain ofmarine denudation, formed at a time when the BritishIsles were at a lower level, during which the waves beatagainst them for such a long time that the lands were 1 Gilbert Monog., U. S. Geol. Survey, Vol. I, 1890, 35-3C. Instructional Plain* 93 bevelo<l. Elevation has since raised these plains, andstreams have cut into them, so that only remnants of theancient plains now remain in the form of hilltops reachingto a nearly uniform level. Since the rocks of theregion are of different degrees of hardness, the explanationof the uniform hilltop level must be some condition oflower level than the present; and one possible explanation. Iin. .i9. To illustrate terrace formation by lateral cutting of a river, \vliirli is alsocutting into its bed. There is here one terrace; but if the stream changes itsposition to the left, and then cuts down along its bed, a lower terrace will e.\i*twhere the river bed is now located (photographed by Jackson, Denver). is this which has been stated. American geologists areinclined to call these remnants peneplains^ which haveresulted from denudation in the air (pp. f)(> and 100). RIVER-CUT PLAINS.—As they are cutting their valleysrivers are caused to meander, and the curve of meanderchanges gradually, so that in the course of time the rivershifts its bed, having its channel now on one side of thevalley and now <m the other. As it swings il cuts a plain 94 The Physical Geography of New York State whose width is equal to the change in position. This hasbeen called It is by this action, it is believed, that the terraces oldest
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