. Applied bacteriology for nurses. d rooms the inhalation of suchmoist spray particles by others is undoubtedly a com-mon source of infection. Patients suffering from pneu-monia arfe often too ill to prevent their soiling theirlips, face, and hands with sputum, and the nurse should, THE PNETJMOCOCCUS 107 therefore, be on her guard to prevent further infectionfrom this source. The enumeration of the main sourcesof infection as given above should suffice to guide thenurse in guarding others against pneumococcus infec-tion. It is encouraging to know that the pneumococcusis very sensitive to germi
. Applied bacteriology for nurses. d rooms the inhalation of suchmoist spray particles by others is undoubtedly a com-mon source of infection. Patients suffering from pneu-monia arfe often too ill to prevent their soiling theirlips, face, and hands with sputum, and the nurse should, THE PNETJMOCOCCUS 107 therefore, be on her guard to prevent further infectionfrom this source. The enumeration of the main sourcesof infection as given above should suffice to guide thenurse in guarding others against pneumococcus infec-tion. It is encouraging to know that the pneumococcusis very sensitive to germicidal agents. Exposed to directsunlight pneumonic sputum loses its infectivity after afew hours. The fine spray expelled in coughing thatremains suspended in the air soon dries so completelythat no pneumococci survive after two hours. CHAPTER XVIII STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTIONS The Streptococcus pyogenes^ was observed by Kochand, independently, also by Ogston in 1882, but was firstisolated by Fehleisen in 1883. The cocci are spheric or. Fig. 34.—Streptococcus pyogenes, from the pus taken from an ab-scess; XIOOO (Frankel and Pfeiffer). oval, and occur in chains of eight, ten, twenty, or moreindividuals, though often merely in pairs. They stainreadily with the ordinary stains, and retain the color 108 ^ Pyogenes means pus producer. STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTIONS 109 when treated according to Grams method. Theygrow readily on various media, but prefer media con-taining blood or blood-serum. Many varieties ofstreptococci have a peculiar dissolving effect on blood,so that, when grown on solid media containing blood,each colony is seen to be surrounded by a clear speak of such varieties as hemolyzing (blood-dissolving) streptococci. Streptococcus pyogenes is the cause of a great varietyof infections in man. Among these may be mentionederysipelas, cellulitis, sepsis, puerperal infection, acuteperitonitis, tonsillitis, bronchopneumonia, otitis media,and its complicating mastoiditis, men
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