. A manual of the principles and practice of road-making: comprising the location, consruction, and improvement of roads (common, macadam, paved, plank, etc.) and rail-roads . oad tosink) and on this foundation the embankment maybe extreme cases, the lower portions of the embank-ment must be formed of brush-wood, arranged m fascines,which are a specific remedy against water. They areformed by carefully selecting the long, straight, and slender branches of underwood, and tying them up in bundles,from 9 to 12 inches in diameter, and from 10 to 20 feetlong. A layer of these fascines is
. A manual of the principles and practice of road-making: comprising the location, consruction, and improvement of roads (common, macadam, paved, plank, etc.) and rail-roads . oad tosink) and on this foundation the embankment maybe extreme cases, the lower portions of the embank-ment must be formed of brush-wood, arranged m fascines,which are a specific remedy against water. They areformed by carefully selecting the long, straight, and slender branches of underwood, and tying them up in bundles,from 9 to 12 inches in diameter, and from 10 to 20 feetlong. A layer of these fascines is laid across the road ;a second layer in the direction of the road ; and so on, toas great a thickness as may be required to raise the road-bed perfectly high and dry. Sharp stakes are driven atintervals to fasten together the layers. Poles, or youngtrees, may be laid across every other course. Upon thisplatform of fascines may be laid large flat stones, and uponthem a course of earth and gravel. SIDE-HILL ROADS. When a road runs along the side of a hill, it will bemost cheaply formed, by making it half in excavation andhalf in embankment. But as the embankment would be. 170 THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS. liable to slip, if simply deposited on the natural surface ofthe ground, the latter should be notched into steps, or off-sets, in order to retain the earth. In adjusting the heightof the made ground, an allowance should be made for itssubsequent settling. If the surface be very inclined, both the cuttingsand fillings will need to be supported by retaining walls,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, booksubjectrailroa, bookyear1853
