. Cellular toxins; or, The chemical factors in the causation of disease. Poisons; Pathology; Bacteria. 300 CHEMISTRY OF THE PTOMAINS. Brieger (I., 59) had unsuccessfully tried to transform cholin into neurin by putrefaction. He observed that the cholin decomposed with extreme slowness, even when the putrefaction was carried on at a higher temperature, yielding only trimethylamin. Wurtz (1868) showed that dilute solutions of free cholin can be heated to boiling without any perceptible decomposition. Concentrated solutions, however, decompose with the formation of trimethylamin and glycol, C2H^(
. Cellular toxins; or, The chemical factors in the causation of disease. Poisons; Pathology; Bacteria. 300 CHEMISTRY OF THE PTOMAINS. Brieger (I., 59) had unsuccessfully tried to transform cholin into neurin by putrefaction. He observed that the cholin decomposed with extreme slowness, even when the putrefaction was carried on at a higher temperature, yielding only trimethylamin. Wurtz (1868) showed that dilute solutions of free cholin can be heated to boiling without any perceptible decomposition. Concentrated solutions, however, decompose with the formation of trimethylamin and glycol, C2H^(OH)2 (see page 250). The decomposition of cholin was studied somewhat by Mauthner (1873) who confirmed Wurtz's observation that cholin was scarcely decomposed by boiling water, and he showed that when exposed to the action of decomposing blood it yielded trimethylamin. The results obtained by K. Hasebroek (ZeitsGhrift f, physiol. Chem., 12, 151, 1888) deserve special mention at this place. He carried on the putrefaction of very dilute solutions of the chlorid of cholin in the presence of little or no oxygen in Hoppe- Seyler fermentation flasks. Sewer slime, because of its strong fer- mentative properties, was used to induce the putrefaction, and cal- cium carbonate was added to neutralize any acidity that might develop during the fermentation. The fermentation, as shown by the evolution of gases, lasted for about three months. The total quantity of gas given off was about one liter from grams cholin chlorid. The gases consisted almost entirely of carbonic acid and marsh gas. No hydrogen was evolved. When the fermentation ceased the flask was opened and several cubic centimeters of the almost neutral clear liquid were injected under the skin of a rabbit without producing the least effect. This liquid distilled with alkali gave methylamin and ammonia. What is remarkable about this experiment was the total absence of the higher amins—as, for instance, trimethylamin, which h
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