Gothic architecture in France, England, and Italy . passing out of the transitional stage. The pointedarch had come into vogue, and though here and thereNorman Romanesque still held the field, especially inmonastic buildings, yet even there it had begun to giveway to a lighter kind of design. In the Galilee atDurham in 1175 we still find round arches with zigzags,but they were carried originally on pairs of marble 1 For similar intersections at Norrey in Normandy v. sup. Fig. 62, p. 152. CH. Xl] THE TRANSITION 189 columns so slender that they had to be strengthenedafterwards1. The monks at Pet
Gothic architecture in France, England, and Italy . passing out of the transitional stage. The pointedarch had come into vogue, and though here and thereNorman Romanesque still held the field, especially inmonastic buildings, yet even there it had begun to giveway to a lighter kind of design. In the Galilee atDurham in 1175 we still find round arches with zigzags,but they were carried originally on pairs of marble 1 For similar intersections at Norrey in Normandy v. sup. Fig. 62, p. 152. CH. Xl] THE TRANSITION 189 columns so slender that they had to be strengthenedafterwards1. The monks at Peterborough still clung with peter-monastic fervour to the round arch and to Romanesque naveUgbulk and proportion in their nave and transepts, whichwere not finished till 1193 ; but the round Church of theTemple, consecrated in 1185, has pointed arches on Theclustered shafts of marble, though the triforium above church6has an arcade of interlacing round arches. Above all,the architects had seriously undertaken to vault their CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL .,. Fig. 77. naves and not only their aisles; and this influenced theirconstruction radically in the future. The artists of the day were consequently in a receptivespirit, ready for any movement in a new direction, andopen to any fresh suggestion. In 1174, for the second time, a foreign influencecrossed the channel into England, and established itselfat Canterbury (Fig. yj). In September n74, four years after the murder of Cantcr-Becket, the glorious choir of priors Ernulf and Conrad, SSedralwhich had stood only forty-four years since its dedication2, 1 v. my Byz. and Romanesque Archil, vol. II. Plate CXLVIII. 2 It was begun in 1093. 190 ENGLAND [CH. XI Canter-burycathedral Williamof Sens Williamthe English-man caught fire and was reduced to ruin. The monk Gervasewho saw the conflagration and has left an account of itand of the rebuilding, tells us how the people wereastonished that the Almighty should have allowed suchthings, and how the
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