. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. Birds. [ 105(1)] 24 1973). The absence of any overlap in bill length and gape measurements in the 2 populations of P. alba makes them easily distinguishable and justifies the designa- tion of a new trinomen. Procnias alba wallacei subsp. nov. Holotype. Adult cT (MPEG # 35043) from manganese mine south of Nl camp (elevation 700 m), Serra dos Carajas, Para (1°27'S, 48°29'W), Brazil. Collected by Manoel Santa Brigida on 26 August 1983. Paratypes. 2 adult 6's (MPEG # 35042 and # 35302) from manganese mine south of Nl camp and mai
. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. Birds. [ 105(1)] 24 1973). The absence of any overlap in bill length and gape measurements in the 2 populations of P. alba makes them easily distinguishable and justifies the designa- tion of a new trinomen. Procnias alba wallacei subsp. nov. Holotype. Adult cT (MPEG # 35043) from manganese mine south of Nl camp (elevation 700 m), Serra dos Carajas, Para (1°27'S, 48°29'W), Brazil. Collected by Manoel Santa Brigida on 26 August 1983. Paratypes. 2 adult 6's (MPEG # 35042 and # 35302) from manganese mine south of Nl camp and main road near N2 camp, respectively (both 700 m), Serra dos Carajas (°5, 50°30'W), Para, Brazil, collected on 25 August and 10 Septem- ber 1983. —|—e. Tarsus Bill (Cuimen) Gape + 14 16 18 20 26 28 30 32 34 36 Figure 1. Ranges and means (mm) of mensural characteristics of P. a. alba and P. a. wallacei; data for P. a. alba from Snow (1973, 1982), who did not publish a mean for gape (maximum diameter of exploitable fruit plus 3 mm); wing measure is flattened; values for holotype circled. Description. Male resembles P. a. alba in plumage and details of the wattle, which arises form the base of the cuimen. Differs from the nominate form in that the wing and tail are somewhat shorter, while the tarsus and bill are significantly larger. Female unknown. Remarks. According to Snow (1982: 171) the bill of Procnias is "generally described as black in all species". The 3 specimens of P. a. wallacei had the upper bill black and the lower mandible grey with a black tip. This might be another character to distinguish the southern population; however, the bill of an adult male P. a. alba (MPEG # 32489) from Rio Paru do Leste, northern Para, collected on 20 November 1978 also had the lower mandible grey (Novaes 1980:43). The lower mandible rapidly changes to black following death, and it seems probable that in life the lower mandible is grey in all P. al
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