. Elements of chemistry ... ut the alcohol will befound to rise about twice as high as the water. It has already been remarked, that the ratioof expansion in all aeriform fluids, is equal, withequal increments of heat. If therefore, the ratio of expansion for one gas,as for instance, oxygen, be known, then theratio for all the other gases, as well as that forthe common air, which we breathe, will be indicated. 38. From the experiments of several philosophers, it isproved, that this rate of expansion is equal to the T^ih. partof the volume which the gas occupied, for every degree ofFahrenheits
. Elements of chemistry ... ut the alcohol will befound to rise about twice as high as the water. It has already been remarked, that the ratioof expansion in all aeriform fluids, is equal, withequal increments of heat. If therefore, the ratio of expansion for one gas,as for instance, oxygen, be known, then theratio for all the other gases, as well as that forthe common air, which we breathe, will be indicated. 38. From the experiments of several philosophers, it isproved, that this rate of expansion is equal to the T^ih. partof the volume which the gas occupied, for every degree ofFahrenheits scale, at 32 degrees and upwards. This cal-culation is made from the experiments of Gay Lussac, who In what mechanical arts is the expansion of the metals, by heat, turned toadvantage ? In what manner were the walls of a building in Paris drawntowards each other by means of heat? In what manner is the expansion ofa fluid most strikingly shown ? How are the different expansibilities ofdifferent fluids shown ? Explain Fig. RADIATION OF HEAT. 29 found that 100 parts, or volumes of air, at 32 degrees, ex-panded to parts, when heated to 212 degrees. Theincrease of bulk for 180 degrees, that is, from the freezingto the boiling point, is therefore 37|, which, by calculation,will be found nearly TUth part for each degree. 39. The expansion of air by heat may readily be shownby blowing up a bladder, and securing the mouth by astring, so that none can escape, and then holding it towardsthe fire. As the air becomes rarefied by the heat, the blad-der will become more and more tense, until it bursts withan explosive report. 40. A more elegant experiment is, totake a glass tube, terminated by a bulb,and put in so much water as to about halffill the tube, and then, having immersedit in a vessel of water, as represented inFig. 7, apply the heat of a lamp to thebulb. As the heat rarefies the air in thebulb, the water will be forced down thetube, but will slowly rise again to itsformer
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