. Elements of zoology, or, Natural history of animals / ed. by Reese. Zoology. INSECTS CLASSIFICATION. 301 jaws, are of similar construction, but usually smaller and less powerful. The pieces which are applied, above and below, to the spaces left between the jaws, are termed lips ; the upper one being particularized as the labrum, and the lower one as the labium. 483. Various modifications of these parts are seen in the different orders of insects, but their existence may always be detected under some form or other. The most remarkable alter- ation in the structure of the mouth, is that w
. Elements of zoology, or, Natural history of animals / ed. by Reese. Zoology. INSECTS CLASSIFICATION. 301 jaws, are of similar construction, but usually smaller and less powerful. The pieces which are applied, above and below, to the spaces left between the jaws, are termed lips ; the upper one being particularized as the labrum, and the lower one as the labium. 483. Various modifications of these parts are seen in the different orders of insects, but their existence may always be detected under some form or other. The most remarkable alter- ation in the structure of the mouth, is that which we find in the Lepidoptera or Butterfly tribe. Instead of cutting jaws, we observe a tubular append- age or trunk, which is often of con- siderable length, and coiled spirally beneath the head, but capable of being unrolled when its point is required to descend into the corolla? of flowers. This tube is composed of two long narrow filaments, which are in fact the maxillae excessively drawn out; these filaments are channelled on the sides at which they approach one another ; and by the adhesion of the edges of these channels, which lock together by. means of minute teeth, a complete tube is formed. In this mouth, there- fore, all the parts, except the maxilla?, would seem at first sight to be wanting; but they may be detected by a care- ful examination, and the rudiments of the upper lip, of the mandibles, and of the lower lip, as well as of the palpi (organs to be presently described), may be distinctly de- Different parts of the mouth of a beetle.* * A, upper side ; B, under side ; C, parts separated ; a a, antennae ; e e, eyes; I 1, upper lip ; m m, mandibles ; m x, maxillse ; mp, max- illary palpi; I 2, labium ; Ip, labial palpi; c 2, chin or mentum. 529. How do the mouths of insects vary? 530. What of the first group ? 531. Describe the variety of structure, and their use. 532. What modification in butterflies ? 26. Please note that these images are extrac
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