. Animal physiology. Physiology, Comparative. 484 EXTREMITIES OF LOWER ANIMALS. Stances, we find the number of bones in the hand increased, but all of them enclosed in one envelope, so that the fingers are not separate. This is the case with many aquatic animals. Fig. 229.—Skeleton of the Camel. t'c, cervical vertebrae ; vd, dorsal vertebrae ; vl, lumbar vertebrae ; vs. sacral vertebrae; rg, caudal vertebrae; s, scapula; h, humerus; cit, ulna; ca, carpus; 7«c, meta- carpus ; ph, phalanges ; fe, femur; ra, patella; ti, tibia; ia, tarsus; mt, metatarsus. —such as the Whale tribe among Mammals, T
. Animal physiology. Physiology, Comparative. 484 EXTREMITIES OF LOWER ANIMALS. Stances, we find the number of bones in the hand increased, but all of them enclosed in one envelope, so that the fingers are not separate. This is the case with many aquatic animals. Fig. 229.—Skeleton of the Camel. t'c, cervical vertebrae ; vd, dorsal vertebrae ; vl, lumbar vertebrae ; vs. sacral vertebrae; rg, caudal vertebrae; s, scapula; h, humerus; cit, ulna; ca, carpus; 7«c, meta- carpus ; ph, phalanges ; fe, femur; ra, patella; ti, tibia; ia, tarsus; mt, metatarsus. —such as the Whale tribe among Mammals, Turtles among Reptiles, and Fishes in general,—in which the hand is made to serve as a fin or paddle. In most of these, the bones of the arm are very short; and the movements of the extremity are chiefly confined to the wrist-joint. 645. The structure of the lower extremities has a very great analogy to that of the upper ; and the principal differences to be remarked between them, are such as are necessary to give to the former more solidity at the expense of freedom of motion, and to make them organs of locomotion instead of organs of prehension. Here, too, we have a bony framework, for the purpose of connecting the limb itself with the spine ; and as the weight of the body is constantly thrown upon the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Carpenter, William Benjamin, 1813-1885. London : H. G. Bohn
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