. Engineering practice and theory, for steam engineers ... . ured. This canbe determined by taking a small amount of it outand spreading it on a piece of iron. If it proves tobe brittle when cool, and does not adhere to theiron, add more tallow, but if it is too soft, add morerosin and apply it hot. This forms a perfectly air-tight coating that is not expensive, and can beeasily applied. It can only be used on cold pipes,as heat will melt it off. When a pump is drafting water on a high lift,the exhaust steam may be turned into the suctionpipe, where it will be condensed, and a partialvacuum fo
. Engineering practice and theory, for steam engineers ... . ured. This canbe determined by taking a small amount of it outand spreading it on a piece of iron. If it proves tobe brittle when cool, and does not adhere to theiron, add more tallow, but if it is too soft, add morerosin and apply it hot. This forms a perfectly air-tight coating that is not expensive, and can beeasily applied. It can only be used on cold pipes,as heat will melt it off. When a pump is drafting water on a high lift,the exhaust steam may be turned into the suctionpipe, where it will be condensed, and a partialvacuum formed on the exhaust side of the steampiston. This idea is patented, therefore its use isrestricted. It is claimed that by this device all of the heat inthe steam coming from the boiler is returned to it, AND THEORY, IO9 but this is a mistake, for some of it disappears indeveloping power, and can never be heat unit used in this way is equal to 772foot pounds, therefore when 43 heat units disap-pear in one minute it is equal to 1 horse AN ALTITUDE GAGE, This indicates the height of water in a tank,thus showing when it is nearly full, and preventingthe necessity of causing it to overflow. IIO ENGINEERING PRACTICE CHAPTER 17 INJECTORS. An injector is the smallest and most convenientdevice for forcing water into steam boilers, now inuse. The success attained by the inventors whoproduced some of the earlier types, and later onimproved their design, has brought many kindsinto the market at the present time. These maybe classed under two heads, namely, the lifting andthe non-lifting injector. The lifting injector will take water from anysource located below the machine, or will take itunder pressure and deliver it into the boilers. Thedepth from which it will raise water will dependupon the steam pressure employed^ but it is notpractical to lift it more than about 20 feet, so thatif the supply is much lower than this below theboilers, it is advisable to locate t
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