Chambers's encyclopædia; a dictionary of universal knowledge . enientdegree; 3. To occupy a tongue of land protectedon its sides ; 4. To bar a defile; 5. To cover thehead of a bridge; 6. To occupy rising ground, thepossession of which would render the enemy morethan necessarily dangerous. The front of a horn-work consists of two demi-bastions connected by acurtain, and usually defended in front, as in thefortress itself, by tenaille, ravelin, and flanks, protected by ditches, run straight uponthe ravelin, bastion, or curtain of the main defences,so that the ditch may be swept by
Chambers's encyclopædia; a dictionary of universal knowledge . enientdegree; 3. To occupy a tongue of land protectedon its sides ; 4. To bar a defile; 5. To cover thehead of a bridge; 6. To occupy rising ground, thepossession of which would render the enemy morethan necessarily dangerous. The front of a horn-work consists of two demi-bastions connected by acurtain, and usually defended in front, as in thefortress itself, by tenaille, ravelin, and flanks, protected by ditches, run straight uponthe ravelin, bastion, or curtain of the main defences,so that the ditch may be swept by the fire of thelatter. The flanks should not be too long for easymusketry ranse. In most ofthe earlier works of this nature, theditch of the horn-work was united with the ditchof the main works by being cut through the glacisand covert-way, but in modem works the horn-work is constructed entirely beyond the glacis, asthe annexed figure shews. The masonry wall is 418 shewn in the figure by a thick black line at thehead of the horn-work and immediately beyond. A, Horn-work, covering a Bastion, B. the glacis, but at times it is merely a straight wallthro^vn across, as in the dotted line. Occasionally, horn-works are very useful; biitmodern engineers generally prefer constructingdetached and advanced works. A double horn-work becomes a Crovm-ivorh (q. v.). HORNBEAM (Carpinus), a genus of the naturalorder CupuUferoe ; consisting of tiees with compact,tough, hard wood; bark almost smooth and of awhitish-gray colour, deciduous leaves, and monoeciousflowers. The male catkins are cylindrical andsessile, their flowers consist merely of a little scale-like bract and 12—24 stamens. The female flowers
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1868
