. General Information Regarding the National Monuments . passing of the race. The Mojave ApacheIndians, who occupied the valley at the advent of the white men,have no tradition respecting the existence of the people who formerlyoccupied this region. Montezumas Castle, it is stated, is the only 25 single perfect specimen and type of the architectural skill of theprehistoric cliff dwellers of this valley. The monument embraces a prehistoric cliff-dwelling ruin of un-usual size situated in a niche or cavity in the face of a vertical cliff175 feet in height. The formation exposed along the face of
. General Information Regarding the National Monuments . passing of the race. The Mojave ApacheIndians, who occupied the valley at the advent of the white men,have no tradition respecting the existence of the people who formerlyoccupied this region. Montezumas Castle, it is stated, is the only 25 single perfect specimen and type of the architectural skill of theprehistoric cliff dwellers of this valley. The monument embraces a prehistoric cliff-dwelling ruin of un-usual size situated in a niche or cavity in the face of a vertical cliff175 feet in height. The formation exposed along the face of the cliffis a compact tufa or volcanic ash. About half way up the cliff thereis a bed of soft, unconsolidated tufa which has suffered considerableerosion, leaving irregular-shaped cavities. The bed of soft materialis overlain by a harder formation which has withstood erosion andthus formed an overhanging sheltering reef. The cliff-dwelling ruin known as Montezumas Castle is situated inone of these cavities, the foundation being about 80 feet above the. Sec. 16 (/nsvrt/eytCt Montezuma Castle National Monument, Ariz., embracing the NW. JNW. J sec. 16, the N. £ NE. £NE. i NW. i sec. 17, T. 14 N., R. 5 E., Gila and Salt River meridian; created December 8, 1906. and base of the cliff. The unique position and size of the ruin give it theappearance of an ancient castle and doubtless accounts for the pres-ent name. Access to the castle or ruin is made from the base of thecliff by means of wooden ladders placed against the face of the cliffand anchored thereto with iron pins. The structure is about 50 feet in height by 60 feet in width, builtin the form of a crescent, with the convex part against the cliff. Itis five stories high, the fifth story being back under the cliff andprotected by a masonry wall 4 feet high, so that it is not visible fromthe outside. The walls of the structure are of masonry and adobe,plastered over on the inside and outside with mud. The cliff formsthe back
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