. The age of mammals in Europe, Asia and North America. Mammals, Fossil; Paleontology. PLEISTOCENE OF EUROPE, NORTH AFRICA, AND NORTH AMERICA 425 Geographic Distribution of the Third Fauna The Schweizersbild Cave (Fig. 176, 37) belongs to the Magdalenian Stage of human culture, and according to Penck the indications are that it dates from the maxi- mum period in the last glacial advance.^ The deposits in the Schweizersbild Cave, as described above (p. 418), began with the tundra fauna, on which accumulated (1) the steppe fauna of the reindeer age, (2) the steppe fauna of the upper rodent layer
. The age of mammals in Europe, Asia and North America. Mammals, Fossil; Paleontology. PLEISTOCENE OF EUROPE, NORTH AFRICA, AND NORTH AMERICA 425 Geographic Distribution of the Third Fauna The Schweizersbild Cave (Fig. 176, 37) belongs to the Magdalenian Stage of human culture, and according to Penck the indications are that it dates from the maxi- mum period in the last glacial advance.^ The deposits in the Schweizersbild Cave, as described above (p. 418), began with the tundra fauna, on which accumulated (1) the steppe fauna of the reindeer age, (2) the steppe fauna of the upper rodent layer, both Palaeo- lithic, and immedi- ately succeeded (3) by the Neolithic ' forest fauna ' of the ' gray culture' layer. It thus bridges over an enormously long Fig. ISo.—Skulls of the Pleistocene "woolly rhinoceros" period of time ^- cmtiquitatis of Eurasia (above), and of the recent African " ' "white rhinoceros" D. simiw (below). In the American Museum Much time must of Natural History. have elapsed between the first halt in the glacial retreat and the appearance of Magdalenian man in this cave. Boule and Penck agree in saying that the Magdalenian or reindeer man arrived in the Schaffhausen region long after thelast Quaternary glaciers had vanished thence, that is, after the disappearance of the tundra fauna.^ Kesslerloch Cave. — Similar conclusions result from the study of the geologic conditions surrounding the Kesslerloch Cave of Thayngen in Swit- zerland (Fig. 17G, 37). This famous cave lies on the edge of a moderately wide valley, traversed by a brook.^ In this sheltered, well-watered, hilly region, woods flourished and harbored the forest animals, at the same time that the glaciers retreating southward left damp and stony areas, closely followed by a tundra fauna. The woolly rhinoceros and the mammoth ' Penck, A., Die Glacialbildungen um Schaffhausen und ihre Beziehungen zu den prae- historischen Stationcn des Schweizcrsl)ildert und von Thayn
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectpaleontology, bookyea
