. Introduction to the study of fungi; their organography, classification, and distribution, for the use of collectors. Fungi. 178 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FUNGI. filaments, which will ultimately constitute the asci, increase and Starting with this idea of the general structure of the discoid Fungi, it will scarcely be difficult at any time to dis- tinguish the various genera and species from those of the residue of ascomycetous Fungi. The latest revision of the classification is that by Professor Saccardo, and he has enu- merated altogether 3450 species, distributed over twelve
. Introduction to the study of fungi; their organography, classification, and distribution, for the use of collectors. Fungi. 178 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FUNGI. filaments, which will ultimately constitute the asci, increase and Starting with this idea of the general structure of the discoid Fungi, it will scarcely be difficult at any time to dis- tinguish the various genera and species from those of the residue of ascomycetous Fungi. The latest revision of the classification is that by Professor Saccardo, and he has enu- merated altogether 3450 species, distributed over twelve families and included under 190 genera. The most striking divergences from the cup-shaped type are those of the pileate forms, in which, as in Morchdla (Fig. 721 the irregular cups are gregarious upo^7 common stroma; or in others ^fff^jf pileate genera in which the hy^eni\un is spread over the upper surface o£ erect clubs, as in Geoglossumi or ex- panded laminae, as in Helvetia. In all these cases the fructifying surface is superior and exposed, and the sporidia are contained in membranaceous sacs or asci, which latter are not enclosed in closed perithecia. Many of them Fig. 72.—Morchdla eseuienta. are large enough and succulent enough to be employed as articles of food, and we do not remember that any one species has been proved to be poisonous, although doubts have been expressed of, the wholesome character of one or two, and notably of GyrM^ra eseuienta. The largest number inhabit the ground or floul rotten wood, and by far the most part are confined to teffiTfl climates, species found in tropical or subtropical regions being chiefly those of a tough and leathery consistence. The Morels, for instance, when they occur in India, are found at considerable elevations on the Himalayas, where the climate corresponds to that of temperate regions (Fig. 73). The analogues of the fleshy Pezizae are found under the aspect of Cenangium, Urnula, or Tympanis in warm climates; whilst in
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