A system of practical medicine . come velvety, soft, and are eroded and absorbed. Many casesare dry, but effusion of synovia is also common, and if presentit is an early phenomenon and may later disappear. Hoppe-Seyler *found an excess of mucin in the synovial fluid. The Bones.—As the cartilaginous surfaces disappear, the opposingends of the long bones become rounded, smooth, extremely hard, andshiny or eburnated, resembling polished ivory. Similar absorptionmay take place in the extremities of the bones, but to a slighter urate is not found as it is in gout. The proliferation of
A system of practical medicine . come velvety, soft, and are eroded and absorbed. Many casesare dry, but effusion of synovia is also common, and if presentit is an early phenomenon and may later disappear. Hoppe-Seyler *found an excess of mucin in the synovial fluid. The Bones.—As the cartilaginous surfaces disappear, the opposingends of the long bones become rounded, smooth, extremely hard, andshiny or eburnated, resembling polished ivory. Similar absorptionmay take place in the extremities of the bones, but to a slighter urate is not found as it is in gout. The proliferation of carti- ^ Loc. cit., p. 532. ^ Guys Hosp. Reports, xix. p. 311. ^ Loc. cit., p. 518. * Virchows , 1872, liv. p. 225. 980 ARTHRITIS DEFORMANS. lage cells proceeds undisturbed at the periphery, forming nodularmasses, chondrophytes, which in time ossify (osteophytes), producinggreater or less immobility and deformity. Some joints, like the pha-langes of the fingers, may retain slight motion, but others, especially FxG. Arthritis deformans, sliowiiiR Kfcat rloformity and ahsnhitc rigidity of joints, which were immovablefrom tlic positions shown (a patient in Relleviie Hospital). the knees and other large joints, may become firmly interlocked and im-mobile on account of the iip])ing of the rims of the articular bony sur-faces. As the disease progresses the periosteum near the joints may become PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY. 981 thickened and ossified, forming nodules here and there ak)ng the latter (juite excei)tionally become hardened and thickened (Adams).All the joint ligaments and the capsule become greatly thickened, add-ing to the deformity already produced by the increase in bone. illustrates extremely well several pathological features, namely, thepseudo-ankylosis, thickening and deformity of the joints, and the wast-ing of the muscles. This patient, for some time under treatment inBellevue Hospital, had suffered for many years from rheumatoid arthri-t
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