Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . Fig. 247.—Transverse section of a somewhat woody root of belladonna near thecambium: C, parenchyma of the cortex, some of the cells showing sphenoidalmicrocrystals of calcium oxalate \Ca); S, leptome; C, cambium; M, medul-lary rays; IFF, wood fibers; 71, tracheae; P, parenchmya of pith, some of thecells having microcrystals of calcium oxalate. BELLADONNA 587 hydrate, is the crystal layer, in which the cells f
Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . Fig. 247.—Transverse section of a somewhat woody root of belladonna near thecambium: C, parenchyma of the cortex, some of the cells showing sphenoidalmicrocrystals of calcium oxalate \Ca); S, leptome; C, cambium; M, medul-lary rays; IFF, wood fibers; 71, tracheae; P, parenchmya of pith, some of thecells having microcrystals of calcium oxalate. BELLADONNA 587 hydrate, is the crystal layer, in which the cells filled with microcrys-tals are grayish-black and somewhat larger than the surroundingcells; non-glandular hairs few, uniseriate, 2- to 5-celled; glandularhairs few, of two kinds, stalks 1- to 3-celled, glandular heads 1- tomany-celled; tracheae with annular, spiral, scalariform or reticulatethickenings and with bordered pores; starch grains and pollen grainsfew; occasional fragments of the stems having slightly lignified bastfibers. Constituents.—Several alkaloids amounting to from to cent, of which hyoscyamine (see Hyoscyamus) exists in largest. Fig. 248.—Belladonna root: Transverse section of a parenchyma cell filled withsphenoidal micro crystals of calcium oxalate, the surrounding cells, whichare shown in part, contain starch grains. proportion. The drug also contains hyoscine (scopolamine), atro-pine, formed from hyoscyamine, and belladonnine, formed fromatropine; a fluorescent principle j3-methyl-8esculetin (atrosin orchrysatropic acid), which resembles a similar principle found ingelsemium; malic acid and calcium oxalate in the form of sphenoidalmicrocrystals (Fig. 248). Atropine (Fig. 251) is a powerful mydriatic alkaloid which occursin colorless or white acicular crystals that are soluble in alcohol butsparingly soluble in water. It is optically inactive and may besublimed without decomposition. The aqueous solutions are, how- 588 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED
Size: 1890px × 1322px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1920
