A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . ruler of Italyand emperor. This was in accordance with the usage of the Car-olingian family, which had never contemplated a division of Charles the Bald, who probably had a secret understanding withJohn \III., was already on his way toward the south. He arrivedin Home in December, and there received the imperial crown fromthe pope, not by virtue of his own right to it, but as a gift mercifullyvouchsafed him by St. Peter. In return, he was to prove his grati-tude by constant readiness to serve the
A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . ruler of Italyand emperor. This was in accordance with the usage of the Car-olingian family, which had never contemplated a division of Charles the Bald, who probably had a secret understanding withJohn \III., was already on his way toward the south. He arrivedin Home in December, and there received the imperial crown fromthe pope, not by virtue of his own right to it, but as a gift mercifullyvouchsafed him by St. Peter. In return, he was to prove his grati-tude by constant readiness to serve the church rather than by costlyofferings. Charles accordingly allowed the archbishop of Sens to beappointed as a papal legate for Gaul and (iermany, and therebyhelped to bring the Frankish church into submission to the power ofRome. But the retribution for such faithlessness had already over-taken him; for Louis the German had invaded his kingdom, andmade himself master of the larger part of it. It is a significant factthat the West-Frankish bishops, at the advice of Hincmar of Rheims,. Fui. :!2. — Coin of Louis the Gerinau. Obv.: Cross with four globes. Legend:t HLVDOVVICVS KEX. Kev.: TREVEEIS. (From de Witt.) refrained from interposing in favor of their lawful sovereign, andseemed quite ready to recognize the decision of arms, and to submitto the East-Frankish Carolingians. The weakness of Charles, who hadbeen ready for the sake of the imperial crown to forsake the positionthat he and the West-Frankish clergy had taken in the quarrel aboutCarloman, showed clearly that the West-Frankish church wouldhave to pay the cost of this sudden change in liis policy. AVitli thisview accorded the passionate violence with which John A^III. assailedLouis the (ierman as a second Cain, and threatened the bishops withtlie severest censures of the church as traitors and disturbers ofpeace. Louis proposed to divide the inheritance of Emperor LouisII. as that of l^otluiir II. had once been divide
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