. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 176 A NGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES though they are considerably smaller. The brighter lower lip is beset with golden- yellow hairs in the middle. The spur is only 2-3 mm. long. Visitors.—Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden) observed the hover-fly Syritta pipiens L., settling, and 2 bees, both skg.—Apis mellifica Z. 5. and Bombus agrorum F. t>. 2079. L. alpina Mill. (Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 275-7 ; MacLeod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' p. 47.)—This species bears humble-
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 176 A NGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES though they are considerably smaller. The brighter lower lip is beset with golden- yellow hairs in the middle. The spur is only 2-3 mm. long. Visitors.—Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden) observed the hover-fly Syritta pipiens L., settling, and 2 bees, both skg.—Apis mellifica Z. 5. and Bombus agrorum F. t>. 2079. L. alpina Mill. (Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 275-7 ; MacLeod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' p. 47.)—This species bears humble-bee flowers which are diff"erently coloured from those of L. vulgaris, but otherwise possess essentially the same mechanism. Their cavities are wide enough to admit the head of a humble-bee. There is the same possibility of autogamy as in L. vulgaris. In the Alps the flowers are blue-violet in colour, usually with an orange-coloured nectar-guide on the lower lip; in the Pyrenees they are darker, and the nectar-guide is generally only represented by a small yellow a ov Fig. 28y. Linaria alpina, Mill, (after Herm. Miiller). A. Flower in loiig;itudinal section. B. Upper part of a flower seen from below. C. Central part of do., further enlarged. D. Pistil, upper (shorter) stamens, and nectary. {A, B y. $\ C, D y 7.) a", a\ anthers of short and long stamens; Cfl, calyx ; co, qoxoW^; Ji\ Ji-, filaments of ^hort and long stamens; ^r, style; 7t, nectary; (7z/,ovary; sd, nectar-cover; sJt, spur; St, stigma. VisiTOKS.—The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated.— Herm. Muller (Alps), 2 humble-bees, skg. legitimately; the hawk-moth Macro- glossa stellatarum L., occasionally skg.; and a moih, trying to suck. MacLeod (Pyrenees), the last-named hawk-moth. Herm. Muller also observed perforations, apparently made by the humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. 2080. L. supina Desf. ( = pyrenaica DC). (MacLeod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' pp. 321-2.
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