Class-book of physiology : for the use of schools and families : comprising the structure and functions of the organs of man, illustrated by comparative reference to those of inferior animals . ects, whichform the lowest groupof air-breathing animals,there is a special provi-sion for conveying airto the circulating fluidsthrough tubes of thindelicate membrane. () The abdomen of aninsect is made up of aseries of joints, each ofwhich is composed of twoplates, one on the upperand one on the lowerside. At the edges ofeach joint, where the twoplates meet, there is anopening, called the stig-
Class-book of physiology : for the use of schools and families : comprising the structure and functions of the organs of man, illustrated by comparative reference to those of inferior animals . ects, whichform the lowest groupof air-breathing animals,there is a special provi-sion for conveying airto the circulating fluidsthrough tubes of thindelicate membrane. () The abdomen of aninsect is made up of aseries of joints, each ofwhich is composed of twoplates, one on the upperand one on the lowerside. At the edges ofeach joint, where the twoplates meet, there is anopening, called the stig-ma, through which theair passes into the tubes extend toevery part of the insect,and convey air to all thetissues, forming a very re-markable substitute fora circulation of the bloodthrough a special organ of respiration. 90. The highest group of air-breathing animals possessesa distinct lung, which is found greatly modified in the What takes place when they are removed from the water to the air ? Whatis the cause of death 1 How is air conveyed to the circulating fluids of insects ?Describe the air-tubes of insects. What do the highest group of air-breathinganimals possess 1. Fig. 16.—Respiratory Apparatus of Insect.—; b, first pair of legs; c, origin of wing; d, d,stigmata; e, air-tubes or tracheae ; /, RESPIRATION. 51 different classes of animals that belong to this group. Thelung is seen in its sim- M ?< <l the walls of which are ?•?. D -. ,. , Fig: 17.—Interior of a Snail.—a, the heart; ft, CellS OI DUt Very Slight large blood-vessels branching over the sac, c; d, j , -i , i c artery which conveys the blood to the general sys- (leptn ; the prOCeSS OI tern; e, part of the stomach ; /, the liver. respiration is carried on through the membrane that formsthe cells. (Fig. 3, Pl. V.) 92. In turtles, the interior of the lungs is divided intoseveral cavities which communicate with each other.(Fig. 4, Pl. V.)* In what animal is the lung s
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectphysiologicalprocess
