. A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . clergy,who everywhere possessed great influence over the superstitious in-habitants of the south, declared in favor of Madrid, since the Curiawas plainly inclined that way. Advocates and officials, by whoserapacity the Spanish arbitrary rule was regarded as a golden age,and its return longed for, were active in the same direction. Onthe other hand, the imperial viceroy, Field-Marshal Count Caraffa,manifested an extraordinaiy incapacity. He neglected every seriousdefensive measvu-e, and gave his entire co
. A history of all nations from the earliest times; being a universal historical library . clergy,who everywhere possessed great influence over the superstitious in-habitants of the south, declared in favor of Madrid, since the Curiawas plainly inclined that way. Advocates and officials, by whoserapacity the Spanish arbitrary rule was regarded as a golden age,and its return longed for, were active in the same direction. Onthe other hand, the imperial viceroy, Field-Marshal Count Caraffa,manifested an extraordinaiy incapacity. He neglected every seriousdefensive measvu-e, and gave his entire confidence to the Duke ofBovino, a traitor, who reported everything of importance to Marbid,and gave to the viceroy the most ])ernicious counsels. Under suchcircumstances, in the spring of the year 173-1 the kingdom under-went the attack of 16,600 Spaniards, commanded by the veteranCount Montemar. The imperialists brought together only 6200men, who were beaten at Bitoiito, and nearly all made this overthrow the mainland and the island surrendered to THE WAR IX ITALY. 173. ^r^^Ji^r.^L*. ^M/M^^^ *^i^^?Cijr.:^v:!ic Fig. 27. — King Stanislaus Leszezynski. 1 imih .i ropper-plate engraving; by N. daLarmessin; original painting liy 1,. M. Vanlim (1707-1771). 174 GEIiMANY VNDEIi TBE LAST OF THE BAPSBVRGS. Don Carlos of Parma, oldest son of Elizabeth Farnese, -who hadalready in May been proclaimed king of tlie Two Sicilies. OnlyCapua was defended seven months longer by the brave CountTraun. He was then compelled to capitulate. Prussia and Saxony had meanwhile completely attained theirobject. With 30,000 Russians, in January, 1734, General jMünnichhad shut up the poor King Stanislaus (Fig. 27) in Dantzic. Invain did lie look for aid from France. La Peyrouse, with 1500 men,contended a few months longer agamst the immensely superior forceof Russia; in June, however, he was obliged to capitulate, beingallowed to depart unmolested. Stanislaus fled to Königsberg, dis-gu
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