. A manual of Indian botany. Botany. PETALOIDE^ 295 or whorled leaves, and usually dioecious flowers with inferior ovary. The family is especially noticeable for pata-shaola {Vanisnen'a spiralis) (see fig. 108), a stoloniferous weed, rooted in the mud of our tanks and ditches, with long, linear, radical leaves which are commonly used for refining gurh or crude sugar into white sugar. The submerged female flowers are sup- ported on spirally-twisted stalks and the male flowers- on short stalks among the leaves. At the time of pol- lination the submerged male flowers, breaking away from the short
. A manual of Indian botany. Botany. PETALOIDE^ 295 or whorled leaves, and usually dioecious flowers with inferior ovary. The family is especially noticeable for pata-shaola {Vanisnen'a spiralis) (see fig. 108), a stoloniferous weed, rooted in the mud of our tanks and ditches, with long, linear, radical leaves which are commonly used for refining gurh or crude sugar into white sugar. The submerged female flowers are sup- ported on spirally-twisted stalks and the male flowers- on short stalks among the leaves. At the time of pol- lination the submerged male flowers, breaking away from the short stalks, come to the surface of the water and float about. The female submerged flowers, unrolling their twisted stalk, also come to the surface at the same time and get pol- linated by the freely-floating male flowers. When the pol- lination is over, the long stalk of the female flowers, twisting spirally again, pulls the flowers down under the water, where the fruits de\elop. The leaves of this plant are well adapted to show rotation of protoplasm. Hydrilla verticillafa, a kind of jhangi, is a very common weed of our tanks with branching, floating stems and 3- to 4-nately-whorled leaves. Roxburgh says of this plant: "When the male flowers are ready to expand, the spathe bursts, the flowers are then quickly detached and swim remote from the parent plant on the surface of the water in search of the female flowers, resting on the extremities of the reflexed leaves of the perianth. What a wonderful economy!" The female flowers, in fact, remain. 26^).—ffytftn •Jiaris Mor A'ti'ur. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bose, G. C. London, Blackie & Son Ltd.
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