. Diseases of children. syphilis, for example),or poisons which act upon the embryo, such as alcohol, tobacco, lead,or mercury, are undoubtedly important etiologic factors, and giveevidence of their effect sometimes in two or three members of onefamily. Most cases, however, are due to faulty development, and onlyvery few to so-called fetal endocarditis. CONGENITAL DISEASES OF THE HEART 451 In the order of their frequency lesions take place as follows: Adefect in the ventricular septum; a defect in the auricular septum;pulmonary stenosis; patent ductus arteriosus; abnormal origin of thegreat ve
. Diseases of children. syphilis, for example),or poisons which act upon the embryo, such as alcohol, tobacco, lead,or mercury, are undoubtedly important etiologic factors, and giveevidence of their effect sometimes in two or three members of onefamily. Most cases, however, are due to faulty development, and onlyvery few to so-called fetal endocarditis. CONGENITAL DISEASES OF THE HEART 451 In the order of their frequency lesions take place as follows: Adefect in the ventricular septum; a defect in the auricular septum;pulmonary stenosis; patent ductus arteriosus; abnormal origin of thegreat vessels. In the great majority of these cases there are severallesions, consequently a correct diagnosis is difficult, and sometimespractically impossible. Clinical Symptoms.—The most striking symptom is cyanosis, whichis present in many severe cases, but absent in about 60 per cent. Itmay manifest itself at birth or soon after, giving the skin and mucousmembrane a dark leaden color, if intense, and when slight a bluish. Fig. 32.—Infants heart, showing congenital lesions. The right ventricle laid open,incision extending outward through the aorta, which communicates with both aorta is open and its valve leaflets are shown at A A A. Between D and E is theincision which extends outward through the pulmonary artery. B and C are leaflets ofthe tricuspid valve. D, the sinus that communicates with the pulmonary artery and con-stitutes the opening of the vessel in the right ventricle. E, the semilunar communica-tion between the two ventricles just below the aortic orifice. tint on coughing or crying; although healthy infants also may turncyanotic during a prolonged crying spell. Some children show a slightbluish color only in the finger tips and toes. Marked cyanosis maynot appear before puberty, and in other cases it becomes more obviousyear by year. It has a certain value in prognosis, inasmuch as casesin which the cyanosis is severe usually do not live long, while i
Size: 1547px × 1615px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubject, booksubjectchildren
