. The outline of history : being a plain history of life and mankind. obedience to the rules of Machia-vellian strategy, now went over tothe sideof France in order to prevent Charles be-commg too powerful. The German troopsin Milan, under the Constable of Bourbon,being unpaid, forced rather than followedtheir commander into a raid upon stormed the city and pillaged it (1527).The Pope took refuge in the Castle of while the looting and slaughter wenton. He bought off the German troops at from Rome, had formed a league, theSchmalkaldic League (named after the littletown of Sch
. The outline of history : being a plain history of life and mankind. obedience to the rules of Machia-vellian strategy, now went over tothe sideof France in order to prevent Charles be-commg too powerful. The German troopsin Milan, under the Constable of Bourbon,being unpaid, forced rather than followedtheir commander into a raid upon stormed the city and pillaged it (1527).The Pope took refuge in the Castle of while the looting and slaughter wenton. He bought off the German troops at from Rome, had formed a league, theSchmalkaldic League (named after the littletown of Schmalkalden in Hesse, at whichits constitution was arranged), against theEmperor, and in the place of a great campaignto recover Hungary for Christendom Charleshad to turn his mind to the gatheringinternal struggle in Germany. Of thatstruggle he saw only the opening war. Itwas a struggle, a sanguinary irrationalbickering of princes for ascendancy, nowflaming into war and destruction, now sink-ing back to intrigues and diplomacies ;it was a snakes sack of Machiavelhan. last by the payment of four himdred thousandducats. Ten years of such stupid and con-fused fighting impoverished all Europe andleft the Emperor in possession of 1530 he was crowned by the Pope—hewas the last German Emperor to be crownedby the Pope—at Bologna. One thinks ofthe rather dull-looking blonde face, with itslong lip and chin, bearing the solemn ex-pression of one who endures a doubtfulthough probably honourable ceremony. Meanwhile the Turks were making greatheadway in Hungary. They had defeatedand killed the King of Hungary in 1526,they held Buda-Pesth, and in 1529, as wehave already noted, Suleiman the Magnifi-cent very nearly took Vienna. The Em-peror was greatly concerned by theseadvances, and did his utmost to drive backthe Turks, but he found the greatest diffi-culty in getting the German princes tounite even with this formidable enemy upontheir very borders. Francis I remainedimplacable f
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