Troja : results of the latest researches and discoveries on the site of Homer's Troy, and in the heroic Tumuli and other sites made in the year 1882, and a narrative of a journey in the Troad in 1881 . ch, as I have stated above, are attributed to thefirst epoch of the reindeer •.f they are unornamented, andare preserved in the Museum of Bologna. But thev areof no rare occurrence in the Italian terramare, particularlyin those of the Emilia, and, besides the places enumeratedat pp. 229-231 of liios, I may mention the museums ofReggio and Corneto as containing a few ornamented withincisions: the
Troja : results of the latest researches and discoveries on the site of Homer's Troy, and in the heroic Tumuli and other sites made in the year 1882, and a narrative of a journey in the Troad in 1881 . ch, as I have stated above, are attributed to thefirst epoch of the reindeer •.f they are unornamented, andare preserved in the Museum of Bologna. But thev areof no rare occurrence in the Italian terramare, particularlyin those of the Emilia, and, besides the places enumeratedat pp. 229-231 of liios, I may mention the museums ofReggio and Corneto as containing a few ornamented withincisions: the museum of Parma also contains six orna-mented ones, instead of only two, as stated in ///os (p. 230). Many terra-cotta whorls with an ornamentation similarto that of the Trojan whorls were gathered by the inde-fatigable Dr. Victor Gross in his excavations in the SwissLake Unornamented terra-cotta whorls occur also on theEsquiline at Rome, and in the Necropolis of Albano. Pro- * Stuttgart, 1878. t Aw. Ulderigo Botti, Za Grotta dd Diavolo^ Bologna, 1871, p. 36,and PI. IV. figs. 7 and 8. % Victor Gross, Lcs Protohdvetcs, Paris, 1883, PI. XXVI. Chap. II.] AXES OF STONE AND JAUE. 41. fessor W. Helbig * holds them to have been used partly asspindle-whorls and partly as heads for necklaces ; hut thislatter use is out of the question for the large whorls. Gross is of opinion that the terra-cotta whorls musthave been used partly as buttons of garments, partiv aspearls of necklaces, and last, not least, as whorls for thespindle. He says this latter hypothesis is corroborated bythe discovery of several of these whorlsin which the spindle-stick still remainstixed, and by the striking resemblanceof the terra-cotta whorls to those whichare still used by spinsters in somecountries.! Of stone axes, like those representedat p. 445, Nos. 668-670 in Ilios^ eightwere found this vear in the ruins of thefirst settlement at Troy ; five of thembeing of diorite, and three of
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