China: Uighur carpet weavers, carpet factory, Khotan, Xinjiang. Khotan traces its history back at least as far as the 3rd century BC, when the eldest son of the Indian emperor Asoka is said to have settled here. It was of great importance on the Silk Road, and is claimed to have been the first place outside China to have cultivated silk. It sits astride the Karakash or ‘Black Jade’ and Yurungkash or ‘White Jade’ Rivers, which here conjoin to form the Khotan Darya, and has been famous for its jade for well over two millennia.

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Photo credit: © Pictures From History / Alamy / Afripics
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