Elements of scientific agriculture; or, Elements of scientific agriculture; or, The connection between science and the art of practical farming elementsofscient01nort Year: 1851 72 PIPE TILES. riar 8 The portion of earth next the drain first dries; as it shrinks on drying, little cracks begin to radiate in every direction, and to spread until at last they have penetrated through the whole mass of soil that is within the influence of the drain, making it all, after a season or two, light, mellow, and wholesome for plants. The appearance of tile drains in the earth is shown by fig. 8, repres
Elements of scientific agriculture; or, Elements of scientific agriculture; or, The connection between science and the art of practical farming elementsofscient01nort Year: 1851 72 PIPE TILES. riar 8 The portion of earth next the drain first dries; as it shrinks on drying, little cracks begin to radiate in every direction, and to spread until at last they have penetrated through the whole mass of soil that is within the influence of the drain, making it all, after a season or two, light, mellow, and wholesome for plants. The appearance of tile drains in the earth is shown by fig. 8, representing a cross section. They form a connected tube through which water runs with great freedom, even if the fall is very slight. When care- fully laid, they will discharge water where the fall is not more than two or three inches per mile. If buried at a good depth, they can scarcely be broken; and if well baked, are not liable to moulder away. There seems no reason why well made drains of this kind should not last for a century. The pipe tiles are used of from 1 to 1| inches diameter of bore for the smaller drains, and for the larger up as high as 4 or 5 inches. They are all made in pieces of from 12 to 14 inches in length. An inch pipe will discharge an immense quantity of water, and is quite sufficient for most situations. These small drains should not or- dinarily be carried more than 4 or 500 feet before they Fig. 9. p^gg jjj^Q ^ larger one, running across their ends. Where a very great quantity of water is to be discharged, two large-sized horse- shoe tiles are often employed, one inverted against the other as in fig. 9. Third, as to the direction in which the drains should run. The old fashion was to carry them around the slopes, so as to ad off the springs; but it is now found most efficacious to run them straight down, at regular
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