Archive image from page 328 of Department circular (1918). Department circular departmentcircul125mass Year: 1918 (slit open lengthwise) Horinal glandular Structures Small intestine i—Normal cascum identify the condition positively as blackhead a dead turkey should be opened. Organs diseased. — In examining the organs of a turkey which has died of blackhead the most prominent feature is usually the occurrence of gray or yellowish spots on the surface of the liver. These are readily seen and measure from a very small fraction to three-fourths of an inch across, (See Fig. 1.) The disease do
Archive image from page 328 of Department circular (1918). Department circular departmentcircul125mass Year: 1918 (slit open lengthwise) Horinal glandular Structures Small intestine i—Normal cascum identify the condition positively as blackhead a dead turkey should be opened. Organs diseased. — In examining the organs of a turkey which has died of blackhead the most prominent feature is usually the occurrence of gray or yellowish spots on the surface of the liver. These are readily seen and measure from a very small fraction to three-fourths of an inch across, (See Fig. 1.) The disease does not start in the liver, however, but in a certain portion of the gut (intestine). If the course of the latter is followed throughout its length it will be found that in the lower portion two blind tubes are given off, one on each side, which extend along the intestine to which they are attached (see diagram, Fig. 2). These blind pouches, or cffica, as they are called, are of considerable size, being about a foot long in an 8 to 10 pound turkey. While they, like the human appendix, are prone to dis- ease, nevertheless, they are doubtless of greater impor- tance in the processes of digestion. It is in these caeca, towards their blind ends, that blackhead always starts, and an examination of these organs will always show in this disease a thick- ening of the wall, together with a change of color and opacity suggesting an ab- scess. Either one or both caeca may show disease af- fecting a spot, at times the size of a dime, or again, involving the greater por- tion of the wall. The cavity of the diseased caecum is in some cases filled with a tough yellowish colored 'core,' or with soft, reddish gray, foul-smelling material. Membranous attach- ment of Diseased portion Diseased csecum Large intestine Fig. 2. — Diagramatic sketch, showing the two caeca attached throughout their length to the small intestine by a thin membrane. The caecum on the left is represented as slit open
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