. Comparative animal physiology. Physiology, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. 34 Comparative Animal Physiology the body fluid adapts to the medium (Fig. 26). The tolerance of saHnity depends on the medium in which the larvae are reared. Larvae of Aedes argenteus reared in fresh water are killed when they are transferred directly to per cent sodium chloride or to sea water diluted to the equivalent of per cent NaCl, whereas if the concentration is increased gradually the larvae are able to live in these media. The anal papillae of Culex pipiens larvae reared in per cent Na
. Comparative animal physiology. Physiology, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. 34 Comparative Animal Physiology the body fluid adapts to the medium (Fig. 26). The tolerance of saHnity depends on the medium in which the larvae are reared. Larvae of Aedes argenteus reared in fresh water are killed when they are transferred directly to per cent sodium chloride or to sea water diluted to the equivalent of per cent NaCl, whereas if the concentration is increased gradually the larvae are able to live in these media. The anal papillae of Culex pipiens larvae reared in per cent NaCl are very small; when they are reared in per cent NaCl, the anal papillae are larger; when'the larvae are reared in distilled water the anal papillae are very big and the epithelial cells may become vacuolated. The anal papillae of Aedes detritus larvae in Algerian ponds of a salinity equivalent to per cent NaCl are smaller than those of larvae of A. aegypti from fresh *' The larva of Chironomus ,. Fig. 17. A, Hind end of larva of the mosquito Aedes aegypti, reared in salt water, showing sohd uric acid in lumen of malpighian tubes. B, The same larva, a few minutes after transfer to fresh water; the malpighian tubes have been flushed out by water entering through the anal papillae, a, mid-gut; h, malpighian tubes; c, hind-gut; d, anal papillae. From ;"" unlike the larvae of Aedes and Ctdex, takes in water over its entire body surface. '-^^ The anal papillae of Chironomus larvae avidly take up silver from dilute solutions of silver nitrate, 'â ^** and the anal papillae of Aedes aegypti take up electronegative dyes. ^^^ After a period of salt deprivation the anal papillae actively absorb salt from dilute solutions ( Ringer solution).^''*^' ^'*-' -^^ The function of the anal papillae is clear. They are not respiratory but are salt-absorbing mechanisms. Their permeability to water is a necessary condi- tion to salt absorp
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