. Cyclopedia of architecture, carpentry, and building : a general reference work. Fig. 196. Closed Z-bar generally used. Other forms of steel columns are formed from standard beams, Fig. 198, or from channels and angles. Fig. 199. As these columns will be required to support a heavy load in most cases, bases must be used LJ. Fig. 197. Open Z-bar Fig. 198. Steel Beam Fig. 199. Channel and Column. Column. Angle Column. which w^ill distribute the weight over a surface large enough to sus-tain the load. This may be done by the use of a cast-iron base,Fig. 200, or a base built up of steel, Fig. 201
. Cyclopedia of architecture, carpentry, and building : a general reference work. Fig. 196. Closed Z-bar generally used. Other forms of steel columns are formed from standard beams, Fig. 198, or from channels and angles. Fig. 199. As these columns will be required to support a heavy load in most cases, bases must be used LJ. Fig. 197. Open Z-bar Fig. 198. Steel Beam Fig. 199. Channel and Column. Column. Angle Column. which w^ill distribute the weight over a surface large enough to sus-tain the load. This may be done by the use of a cast-iron base,Fig. 200, or a base built up of steel, Fig. 201. The selection of a particular form of column section will dependupon varying conditions, being generally determined by the amountof load and the way in which the floor beams come to the shape and size desired for the finished column, the thicknessand detail of enclosing piers, and the availability of certain shapes,are also factors. Erection. To save time and labor, it is customary to run thecolumns in lengths of two stories each. This takes more metal, 176 BUILDING SUPERINTENDENCE 167 but the gain in time and labor will generally offset it. The splicingof columns must be made with a perfect bearing of the metal, so thatthe load is transmitted from column to column, the splice-plategiving the full streng
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