Panama and the canal in picture and prose .. . squieted the Isthmussince it first joined Colombia in repudiating theSpanish rule. They have been as thick as insectsin the jungle. No physical, social or commercialties bound Panama to Colombia at any time duringtheir long association. A mountain range dividedthe two countries and between the cities of Panamaand Bogota there was no communication by foreign commerce the province of Panama ex-ceeded the parent state, while the possession of theshortest route across the Isthmus was an asset ofwhich both Bogotans and Panamanians keenlyrealize


Panama and the canal in picture and prose .. . squieted the Isthmussince it first joined Colombia in repudiating theSpanish rule. They have been as thick as insectsin the jungle. No physical, social or commercialties bound Panama to Colombia at any time duringtheir long association. A mountain range dividedthe two countries and between the cities of Panamaand Bogota there was no communication by foreign commerce the province of Panama ex-ceeded the parent state, while the possession of theshortest route across the Isthmus was an asset ofwhich both Bogotans and Panamanians keenlyrealized the value. Revolutions were annual occurrences, sometimeshard fought, for the people of Panama have plentyof courage in the field; sometimes ended with thefirst battle. The name of the parent state has beensometimes Colombia, sometimes New Granada;Panama has at times been independent, at others astate of the Federation of New Granada; at one timebriefly allied with Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1846the volume of North American travel across the. iUoio Oy Under wood o: OndcTwood ENTRANCE TO MT. HOPE CEMETERY lo8 PANAMA AND THE CANAL Isthmus became so great that the United Statesentered into a treaty with New Granada in which weguaranteed to keep the Isthmus open for and the building, by American capital of thePanama Railroad, made us a directly interestedparty in all subsequent revolutions. Of these therewere plenty. President Theodore Roosevelt de-fending in 1903 the diplomatic methods by whichhe took Panama, enumerated no fewer thanfifty-three revolutions in the fifty-seven years thathad elapsed since the signing of the treaty. Hesummed up the situation thus: The above is only a partial list of the revolutions,rebellions, insurrections, riots, and other outbreaksthat have occurred during the period in question;yet they number fifty-three for the last fifty-sevenyears. It will be noted that one of them lastednearly three years before it was quelled; another for nearl


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Keywords: ., bookauthorabbotwil, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1913